tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24896499089530269582024-03-16T02:09:35.612+01:00Los CiutadinsLos Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.comBlogger1330125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-73449596090967111522024-03-15T09:09:00.000+01:002024-03-15T09:09:55.650+01:00Travaux 2024<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjritqEZQy37En7iFkJSUf_EZCD3JopoVyNYzOOvwp3HK4d7cdGOR230hlyFq5EILAVuJ8GLCe2F-Cl27ObYXeydTLYqPtzRIdQaDE1QQk0o8Rs7yRDUhyphenhyphenXaCSP7SPnyRTqx4CSsNedHfwkLDfXBWNk1zJsmcoRJZ4MMBsI4zFH_kJp2kOntkbXoSWqeKt6/s1500/IMGA0006.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="1500" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjritqEZQy37En7iFkJSUf_EZCD3JopoVyNYzOOvwp3HK4d7cdGOR230hlyFq5EILAVuJ8GLCe2F-Cl27ObYXeydTLYqPtzRIdQaDE1QQk0o8Rs7yRDUhyphenhyphenXaCSP7SPnyRTqx4CSsNedHfwkLDfXBWNk1zJsmcoRJZ4MMBsI4zFH_kJp2kOntkbXoSWqeKt6/w640-h480/IMGA0006.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE1MKr1cwhBQ65Y3V3aADOkv4ttN3K1rzDOpngXXbtG5pKrgyIIWn7Q8vLSb5St1MnhlPM6SwtmSsV-z8YH1t23NoMxmGoiV2Nefm0aPbg80muRNrmyNYMK0vzVD3nMrM9rmzj8vqz_Fnv68P0WR8nfoIgbVd-ps0HwJcqN3gSw5_CkfgQ6eeuI5JKjO0L/s2000/IMGA0007.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE1MKr1cwhBQ65Y3V3aADOkv4ttN3K1rzDOpngXXbtG5pKrgyIIWn7Q8vLSb5St1MnhlPM6SwtmSsV-z8YH1t23NoMxmGoiV2Nefm0aPbg80muRNrmyNYMK0vzVD3nMrM9rmzj8vqz_Fnv68P0WR8nfoIgbVd-ps0HwJcqN3gSw5_CkfgQ6eeuI5JKjO0L/w480-h640/IMGA0007.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY7ZePsr0_v2Uaov5PFwV_a0itDeEsRtLucKpmK1p-Z38LHyyKb0FMK5iZq3flld0rthtVeDRCxmloymPAmj310ZkNBAihU_QvxwVc2bho0z_lobVrKU3uADHCWvF-RnFiApeKnFJnMVyiyyLkqMS35bkl_bOD5by2fpmDWEz46l42gYJHdCGvzRdxjTXz/s2000/IMGA0001.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY7ZePsr0_v2Uaov5PFwV_a0itDeEsRtLucKpmK1p-Z38LHyyKb0FMK5iZq3flld0rthtVeDRCxmloymPAmj310ZkNBAihU_QvxwVc2bho0z_lobVrKU3uADHCWvF-RnFiApeKnFJnMVyiyyLkqMS35bkl_bOD5by2fpmDWEz46l42gYJHdCGvzRdxjTXz/w480-h640/IMGA0001.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-81089102043579907012024-03-12T19:16:00.000+01:002024-03-12T19:16:39.228+01:00La maison familiale à la Cité ( suite)<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizf8yDMnGueguZfw96n-TA5yEanlnc5uLvw5NTQKeOlPDXMTJgA5v_Yi9DzZm-ZpI81nYX7nU7_U2lX9_jgZGh4W2HCb6HI9END9yxtvym1HeOmtsqYaI1Q67IGuk6i8UAobKx57tzNCT2i0ArLMbblJGjQKg1IyvyHPXVAxluWx5HzBcy97yeW3YJm2Tr/s5184/DSC07781(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="5184" data-original-width="3888" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizf8yDMnGueguZfw96n-TA5yEanlnc5uLvw5NTQKeOlPDXMTJgA5v_Yi9DzZm-ZpI81nYX7nU7_U2lX9_jgZGh4W2HCb6HI9END9yxtvym1HeOmtsqYaI1Q67IGuk6i8UAobKx57tzNCT2i0ArLMbblJGjQKg1IyvyHPXVAxluWx5HzBcy97yeW3YJm2Tr/w480-h640/DSC07781(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><p><br /></p>En suivant ce long tuyau de fer, je suis arrivé au Petit Puits, à la maison autrefois familiale transformée une première fois en magasin d'affiches, puis de restaurant jusqu'à ce jour.<div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEsGMki8dScu5XfU69-2tAxjNhP8blsM9_zu95T4G3Eh66Misg1YeNEr_-8N0LRRgstt1M5CV2Pc4yLIMhIKu-5HnXbnz3UaMTn1bd3LnVLuK6FpQ-ox5FXQsj4ScSZwqL4JliB2WTEnqUeEybVUWYqJiTA-OR5qti44gN5tVBDVnzmWS3jQGy2bck-NHQ/s2000/DSC07782(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEsGMki8dScu5XfU69-2tAxjNhP8blsM9_zu95T4G3Eh66Misg1YeNEr_-8N0LRRgstt1M5CV2Pc4yLIMhIKu-5HnXbnz3UaMTn1bd3LnVLuK6FpQ-ox5FXQsj4ScSZwqL4JliB2WTEnqUeEybVUWYqJiTA-OR5qti44gN5tVBDVnzmWS3jQGy2bck-NHQ/w480-h640/DSC07782(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgec42WiYpWqwC-zGcg3m0KWuq18zEj7lyozgHRfg8wep90Iav5r1FSWFy_VhE64guRanF_nwbecCbdzaxbwMutOzg-MyAQFiCf_BLLhRPD-M6h-hXt6VEMSnBfB1ejjGC0uBPRySOPkRLHuRmsVfGo8EqOLUkRpvDb9KlD-j0lIipYlMZahrhkMW33AKDL/s2000/DSC07784(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgec42WiYpWqwC-zGcg3m0KWuq18zEj7lyozgHRfg8wep90Iav5r1FSWFy_VhE64guRanF_nwbecCbdzaxbwMutOzg-MyAQFiCf_BLLhRPD-M6h-hXt6VEMSnBfB1ejjGC0uBPRySOPkRLHuRmsVfGo8EqOLUkRpvDb9KlD-j0lIipYlMZahrhkMW33AKDL/w480-h640/DSC07784(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn9fd5glFQ2ekkpLufNi2o6aJl6e0TKNonhh_NiIIeggUGxbR1XNepDRMHIe7bg3WLNmvhgW7CrNapDpbvFQvPQPkIt5eumB5ifMrHFvL_EAfXTiyiisHCLEvOEqgi0cD1psmf7_nU_nGq4JqBVBHX_wmGeF6LmsDR_B-aUF_PwS91cVTshg4qa5Zf5UGf/s2000/DSC07785(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn9fd5glFQ2ekkpLufNi2o6aJl6e0TKNonhh_NiIIeggUGxbR1XNepDRMHIe7bg3WLNmvhgW7CrNapDpbvFQvPQPkIt5eumB5ifMrHFvL_EAfXTiyiisHCLEvOEqgi0cD1psmf7_nU_nGq4JqBVBHX_wmGeF6LmsDR_B-aUF_PwS91cVTshg4qa5Zf5UGf/w480-h640/DSC07785(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy8vyDXjero1vQ_IqWHKZvbHq_zsXRAfzxyaO3Tm5uzJyKSvJwVoUAhfvRSHJZIbNUq3m2XJI5Lrs4moLtV9yJ-HU7_ooUnMboDenSuMwt2falAY3rlzMJ7H6bnhf2oCwEZUmQtVEo70_vNnaXMPtCZixebuaasnzOOGVUyOkONti6jqwJMmFh_GuZ2WoC/s2000/DSC07787(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy8vyDXjero1vQ_IqWHKZvbHq_zsXRAfzxyaO3Tm5uzJyKSvJwVoUAhfvRSHJZIbNUq3m2XJI5Lrs4moLtV9yJ-HU7_ooUnMboDenSuMwt2falAY3rlzMJ7H6bnhf2oCwEZUmQtVEo70_vNnaXMPtCZixebuaasnzOOGVUyOkONti6jqwJMmFh_GuZ2WoC/w480-h640/DSC07787(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">50 ans après, je dois modestement avouer que cela file un choc, une telle transformation hier, eut été impossible d'effectuer, les temps changent, le temps change, tout change!!!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Demain peut être un Mac Do s'installera avec l'approbation des Monuments Historiques, c'est ainsi! c'est la vie. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbDQynZkB22jWCEiy3U0WbC8Sto7szdoY23EUJUwHpm9CHkUJtzyabLeiOq2-Ym3Ad-jXZlNFNXpqvf3rI8XH0eYwJ6_zPw7TFJs0RDweA72IwYAC9vJwQB_zja4-8fmmfftSENCJwvDva9kWYe4Ot8LwMUUkn_E7cnFUUeU-UxdeFlVmqrzd2chwFSYY7/s2000/DSC07788(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbDQynZkB22jWCEiy3U0WbC8Sto7szdoY23EUJUwHpm9CHkUJtzyabLeiOq2-Ym3Ad-jXZlNFNXpqvf3rI8XH0eYwJ6_zPw7TFJs0RDweA72IwYAC9vJwQB_zja4-8fmmfftSENCJwvDva9kWYe4Ot8LwMUUkn_E7cnFUUeU-UxdeFlVmqrzd2chwFSYY7/w480-h640/DSC07788(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-XnhEaxiM15kO4cFMV7O5IrKi-4IVvlMep0OlOecrwX-TXH9mMfUHYRD4cqvqJ2GiuJbgLNhO56G0UW3ktaAAoj2rELisHy6qcoh93P3bOV3-F8lMZOYGT23kP9yAnzToMbh34qsCdMuL8SGm6LGTo_T9CiRT7meDmfpKhtHun2KPyzSAgoNtK3-0IRrv/s2000/IMGA0004.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-XnhEaxiM15kO4cFMV7O5IrKi-4IVvlMep0OlOecrwX-TXH9mMfUHYRD4cqvqJ2GiuJbgLNhO56G0UW3ktaAAoj2rELisHy6qcoh93P3bOV3-F8lMZOYGT23kP9yAnzToMbh34qsCdMuL8SGm6LGTo_T9CiRT7meDmfpKhtHun2KPyzSAgoNtK3-0IRrv/w480-h640/IMGA0004.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div><br /></div> Hier la maison de la famille Español <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhc1ZZYA3ejT-ZLTFe7I-_rlFHJ3Z_4aX_EOpuhwJ13PHimR9oMpkR3iWJm1ZihQ4WYSY7fmOzqIwO3P_OY9dzXoctQlxnsUcNZGTtrM5EGgS_Q4mcAuUWQOW39HwTx9uaiRUK6g4o-qz9JZoIex61z8sWgFI3Y22j1Z8-RpsUDQ1QgwKhhJ2DCwNSnRQtA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="320" height="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhc1ZZYA3ejT-ZLTFe7I-_rlFHJ3Z_4aX_EOpuhwJ13PHimR9oMpkR3iWJm1ZihQ4WYSY7fmOzqIwO3P_OY9dzXoctQlxnsUcNZGTtrM5EGgS_Q4mcAuUWQOW39HwTx9uaiRUK6g4o-qz9JZoIex61z8sWgFI3Y22j1Z8-RpsUDQ1QgwKhhJ2DCwNSnRQtA=w640-h632" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-89214114898658345562024-03-06T12:19:00.000+01:002024-03-06T12:19:03.296+01:00conférence de Lionel R.Decramer<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY37JFHY7IlDk2Tvv3YSioViHb_TiW83KhWLPc_jVzWvrtdzgfyuPEqObUnKIXJ0G7YXUOGi9avXzlL3bFEeyaF_PV9cvqUpqYjcuXffPZU5srJsLPkaGU4EX9jRbTOL65-u26SxkLQIn1m31YYn5bQMpAw8rq94VBUhU3FMAZ8aXtCCGDNamVhH-rPxWH/s855/conference%2013%20mars%202024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="855" data-original-width="600" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY37JFHY7IlDk2Tvv3YSioViHb_TiW83KhWLPc_jVzWvrtdzgfyuPEqObUnKIXJ0G7YXUOGi9avXzlL3bFEeyaF_PV9cvqUpqYjcuXffPZU5srJsLPkaGU4EX9jRbTOL65-u26SxkLQIn1m31YYn5bQMpAw8rq94VBUhU3FMAZ8aXtCCGDNamVhH-rPxWH/w450-h640/conference%2013%20mars%202024.jpg" width="450" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-68168215716994548762024-02-20T11:37:00.002+01:002024-02-20T12:23:42.084+01:00vue de la ville de carcassonne au 18ème siècle<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Dans mes archives j'ai trouvé ce dessin de la ville de Carcassonne, avec une multitude de détails très intéressants, hélas je ne peux pas vous en donner</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">l'origine. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia1du48YEcKOpjRwGC-4CoSS8CYljwKTIyVhgMfNZl9B4GoImOcRNolSpwY-qlcUi8v8UD5asc5EZNjV41UUNPufOfgTB9kqMzMoWv43XjSMqle_o_gwEe4UuZyINTQMFzAyO05XoPSA21BoCy1QPorUIKb9Dp5gV8g5CtYDFYedwg4QcN_CnoUmiOUHBf/s1000/vueb%20ville%20de%20carcassonne.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="631" data-original-width="1000" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia1du48YEcKOpjRwGC-4CoSS8CYljwKTIyVhgMfNZl9B4GoImOcRNolSpwY-qlcUi8v8UD5asc5EZNjV41UUNPufOfgTB9kqMzMoWv43XjSMqle_o_gwEe4UuZyINTQMFzAyO05XoPSA21BoCy1QPorUIKb9Dp5gV8g5CtYDFYedwg4QcN_CnoUmiOUHBf/w640-h404/vueb%20ville%20de%20carcassonne.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-31144732180151505732024-02-06T10:03:00.000+01:002024-02-06T10:03:12.799+01:00Maison familiale à la Cité<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCBkSmQg5EAa_oHWLS1TxhCRe7mjBLU_GfTinhJEkPyTSVFKx8TLYoUMmDIEyXsp49DtdhRbbH8YO_P4DxHJZlKhWLLYStTOCrwuveow4QoF4XNA5K-9RGivQOd2zVXUQRq6RRcZd28wVXgeIJj7e_LBAlFSvNjc3u-aSm4NBymjCzh1MCe5BSIooiE0h2/s320/maison2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="320" height="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCBkSmQg5EAa_oHWLS1TxhCRe7mjBLU_GfTinhJEkPyTSVFKx8TLYoUMmDIEyXsp49DtdhRbbH8YO_P4DxHJZlKhWLLYStTOCrwuveow4QoF4XNA5K-9RGivQOd2zVXUQRq6RRcZd28wVXgeIJj7e_LBAlFSvNjc3u-aSm4NBymjCzh1MCe5BSIooiE0h2/w640-h632/maison2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Ma grand mère avec les enfants du petit puits devant la maison familiale Español</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">C'est toujours avec une pincement au cœur que je vois toutes ces modifications apportées à cette maison de mon enfance, lieu de naissance de mon père, de mes oncles et tantes. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQQt5zLdLiWwMS9GSLU8exFSjvhTDHwnvobJ8IHC3YqpA5L9l_wqaq77a3UnNU4bBDKo5BczPSlOph5KwLLnFqPtWw63o7mtjZ4_00ON0GCYIdx6_XaaAb7r7nxHYoWUIf_x2RFsXr_4ycA4rdPmWokmPxeykR9XDeoNDFZzNj5MmIPmMMS0HDDjh_8pte/s400/MAISON%20GP4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQQt5zLdLiWwMS9GSLU8exFSjvhTDHwnvobJ8IHC3YqpA5L9l_wqaq77a3UnNU4bBDKo5BczPSlOph5KwLLnFqPtWw63o7mtjZ4_00ON0GCYIdx6_XaaAb7r7nxHYoWUIf_x2RFsXr_4ycA4rdPmWokmPxeykR9XDeoNDFZzNj5MmIPmMMS0HDDjh_8pte/w640-h480/MAISON%20GP4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div> <div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: center;"> Hier cette maison fut transformée en restaurant, décapitée d'une partie pour une éventuelle terrasse et aujourd'hui … (février 2024 ) voir ci dessous</span></div><div> <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEierGf2PilAUC1tlN04488c5djvl4BN6Q4aeziAJWplFiIz0oZdOoxPFqeRTcR5gQU_chyphenhyphenCfqpZDyCxrXnYpIwsrDUoSpqq2whLXDFN6k5d47xKN2oLVv5W2zmYErbBno2MKRpQYEmG0fxVlkbQC-ykGsHGbxPdh5EK0GSAwHqZmVym25so2DPSu1dPXhVj/s1000/MAISON%20GP2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEierGf2PilAUC1tlN04488c5djvl4BN6Q4aeziAJWplFiIz0oZdOoxPFqeRTcR5gQU_chyphenhyphenCfqpZDyCxrXnYpIwsrDUoSpqq2whLXDFN6k5d47xKN2oLVv5W2zmYErbBno2MKRpQYEmG0fxVlkbQC-ykGsHGbxPdh5EK0GSAwHqZmVym25so2DPSu1dPXhVj/w640-h480/MAISON%20GP2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;">autre transformation et destruction peut être pour un agrandissement avec la maison mitoyenne à suivre.....</div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRx7fYVaFG7gtav6hQpJ1qTLjL5p1TtrC1dfAWQJrsE-QxZX4HBB-mN554qb8RelLNbUB9Q_JuT9tZDvlHJIkRGJLLmkfZ1oe-CytwiPXHKNdBA4PHFHbf3RYYZPsANrQ1MfGGMl6ckdhgZaQ_S36mE9Rrkq2b8TyqCxOn4Ru7YZVpZzNrsni455EKSE_l/s1000/MAISON%20GP3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRx7fYVaFG7gtav6hQpJ1qTLjL5p1TtrC1dfAWQJrsE-QxZX4HBB-mN554qb8RelLNbUB9Q_JuT9tZDvlHJIkRGJLLmkfZ1oe-CytwiPXHKNdBA4PHFHbf3RYYZPsANrQ1MfGGMl6ckdhgZaQ_S36mE9Rrkq2b8TyqCxOn4Ru7YZVpZzNrsni455EKSE_l/w640-h480/MAISON%20GP3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkit0bgnWU4-zbJMZmCl-lvEd9Xth7JpHrwvqZIqagpIsAGA2H6P1bX4wqjlQvrXPeJC0NnOtfNWsVAgpDrSNu5YxdLrl8F2xMYyYT2sGsntfY_85BF8vpFDJt0rcyKZwjEbPIHiMeIvh2OOX5XELpt7e-FEN4iM50BhNlmKILE43BTywF7BMran-Vsj3z/s1000/MAISON%20GP1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkit0bgnWU4-zbJMZmCl-lvEd9Xth7JpHrwvqZIqagpIsAGA2H6P1bX4wqjlQvrXPeJC0NnOtfNWsVAgpDrSNu5YxdLrl8F2xMYyYT2sGsntfY_85BF8vpFDJt0rcyKZwjEbPIHiMeIvh2OOX5XELpt7e-FEN4iM50BhNlmKILE43BTywF7BMran-Vsj3z/w640-h480/MAISON%20GP1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p></div></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-79774816361000647252024-02-05T09:45:00.000+01:002024-02-05T09:45:02.399+01:00Un roman découvert sur gallica 2 tomes<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYNau2OacLw8JA-WeFB6pUkugC021yMJNpmkgnILdQ8cvdGJOz0z8pIjprzSIaLIc7TaGT9atmskGaXdK_UfmyVyKKeU1_-PDz79VpbHGoAlkA5NluSH6lmVL7U6aEzRAPDHA_F8ljB9Do_YA4X23nZTygGJv7hTSu1UzZu9kAIO-0uwLjBKPBfbc4x6PM/s1548/L'ermite_de_la_tombe_myst%C3%A9rieuse_%5B...%5D_bpt6k9204165_7.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1548" data-original-width="1024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYNau2OacLw8JA-WeFB6pUkugC021yMJNpmkgnILdQ8cvdGJOz0z8pIjprzSIaLIc7TaGT9atmskGaXdK_UfmyVyKKeU1_-PDz79VpbHGoAlkA5NluSH6lmVL7U6aEzRAPDHA_F8ljB9Do_YA4X23nZTygGJv7hTSu1UzZu9kAIO-0uwLjBKPBfbc4x6PM/w424-h640/L'ermite_de_la_tombe_myst%C3%A9rieuse_%5B...%5D_bpt6k9204165_7.jpeg" width="424" /></a></div>Un roman que vous pouvez trouver très facilement sur BNF Gallica avec une partie historique contenue dans celui ci.<br /> <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKG1mvqkChB9iD8eGKOFYjVQ8KY829LG5Qxn7upUVDrjsdJzaySY0Q51CeNJHtnLRoNFUZSpa4rcBxQYdZtxjl_2Jrp_SYy-LLXcz1pXMe0vT0fcDokEOrnJt_53FUhkqfV2f3gEsDOZ-iFb0LRkakXor1VzoS70A_Cc4I15l_Je_3ekzH9aKKJ2DZ0oP4/s1566/L'ermite_de_la_tombe_myst%C3%A9rieuse_%5B...%5Dtome%202.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1566" data-original-width="1023" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKG1mvqkChB9iD8eGKOFYjVQ8KY829LG5Qxn7upUVDrjsdJzaySY0Q51CeNJHtnLRoNFUZSpa4rcBxQYdZtxjl_2Jrp_SYy-LLXcz1pXMe0vT0fcDokEOrnJt_53FUhkqfV2f3gEsDOZ-iFb0LRkakXor1VzoS70A_Cc4I15l_Je_3ekzH9aKKJ2DZ0oP4/w418-h640/L'ermite_de_la_tombe_myst%C3%A9rieuse_%5B...%5Dtome%202.jpeg" width="418" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeAIjJlJo_tg97J_SGwZak7NqJ6a2BO5oK6zKIV6smIEH5KvfhzRthFw1NmhxZyC-k7VeO0b3sg5tkYJggxvr2Tg2xLzV7kDDvzq8tfJ9vKM-kEV7QGa_n7V7PdirRu3Xzof0y4JVtgv8WFeGKeJ27SMq1HkMf9EWdNHujojyYm-9jMN5SQwRl5m0j28C6/s1600/l'ermite%203.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeAIjJlJo_tg97J_SGwZak7NqJ6a2BO5oK6zKIV6smIEH5KvfhzRthFw1NmhxZyC-k7VeO0b3sg5tkYJggxvr2Tg2xLzV7kDDvzq8tfJ9vKM-kEV7QGa_n7V7PdirRu3Xzof0y4JVtgv8WFeGKeJ27SMq1HkMf9EWdNHujojyYm-9jMN5SQwRl5m0j28C6/w640-h360/l'ermite%203.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-43355322075292905712024-01-18T10:04:00.000+01:002024-01-18T10:04:18.242+01:00La galette des rois 2014<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbddzNq_cxZRRZL_TWaKfSCduBYXc1JE-5xJBBxb-3E7OhqlUwIwpAtLJ_HAWPvAcjh_N2SHcR9lu4VXgwoRjt_2iffmVmJy1CKAYdJZQSK2c_Gu8oqp68R41El7Sqf9hLy_euctEclO73gix0O3uGYdQ2WbE_me2qD23PgZP9Wny8LE2UgjXntmBEZCwx/s1000/DSC07675(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbddzNq_cxZRRZL_TWaKfSCduBYXc1JE-5xJBBxb-3E7OhqlUwIwpAtLJ_HAWPvAcjh_N2SHcR9lu4VXgwoRjt_2iffmVmJy1CKAYdJZQSK2c_Gu8oqp68R41El7Sqf9hLy_euctEclO73gix0O3uGYdQ2WbE_me2qD23PgZP9Wny8LE2UgjXntmBEZCwx/w640-h480/DSC07675(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Cathy toujours dévouée, a servi une bonne blanquette</span><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik-QxmQ-zyPbtHfuVUWGaBNNUZ9MEIRZwzF3clC5GIW1stCBYRa4XoVSd2sIgWlhfZpFzNYbf41pT8v6-H8tpSjVG5K4T5W9eEhWOC7QKdUB6LAHErNkJZlFWT_hBzIQipqVc9h72bm5gjKQkcoJUQFvwmvTqRZqqfkcZkpwP-v8g3WxpQltEeuEAOtDoD/s1000/DSC07674(1).JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik-QxmQ-zyPbtHfuVUWGaBNNUZ9MEIRZwzF3clC5GIW1stCBYRa4XoVSd2sIgWlhfZpFzNYbf41pT8v6-H8tpSjVG5K4T5W9eEhWOC7QKdUB6LAHErNkJZlFWT_hBzIQipqVc9h72bm5gjKQkcoJUQFvwmvTqRZqqfkcZkpwP-v8g3WxpQltEeuEAOtDoD/w640-h480/DSC07674(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Au restaurant Berail, à Cépie, los ciutadins ont fêté non seulement les Rois mais aussi l'anniversaire de Gérard</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2f7lZNxvew3kfbLO6ysdTHCXIJepZG1V1NgnG66B0Q0m_P4KmFSJu7mJxyXsupOUP9K-zgXnZVOQV5uCyhwbl4YQzA4iU0fPKCc7uJ4syL75vMJxsJ6nHjpMV6m9rN9jZInkN8muVIuIwz5w5I59FBpdpjrZay4AN-WTe_9-7Y9NiJyyMN0TO3ZpTYdY-/s1000/DSC07673(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2f7lZNxvew3kfbLO6ysdTHCXIJepZG1V1NgnG66B0Q0m_P4KmFSJu7mJxyXsupOUP9K-zgXnZVOQV5uCyhwbl4YQzA4iU0fPKCc7uJ4syL75vMJxsJ6nHjpMV6m9rN9jZInkN8muVIuIwz5w5I59FBpdpjrZay4AN-WTe_9-7Y9NiJyyMN0TO3ZpTYdY-/w640-h480/DSC07673(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;">Maïté Arino a eu droit à la couronne</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBlP7TMvI8B_Iy6GoQwciGcDKW_7h1dF7KElNSjJKcBmd5p11jKBd0Xf-RDNboZn9dZ68XyOm8o0zNwZqZ7JD9bBiERb8pKFu0Y4HXpPZP_Viq6hF6_oKWJw-L7_ACFPf7sIB3trVW9o7Grd4Qnc6RR4QCSMPanHfd9iFj1O0JrXGCfPXOgc_F454RDlqw/s1000/DSC07671(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBlP7TMvI8B_Iy6GoQwciGcDKW_7h1dF7KElNSjJKcBmd5p11jKBd0Xf-RDNboZn9dZ68XyOm8o0zNwZqZ7JD9bBiERb8pKFu0Y4HXpPZP_Viq6hF6_oKWJw-L7_ACFPf7sIB3trVW9o7Grd4Qnc6RR4QCSMPanHfd9iFj1O0JrXGCfPXOgc_F454RDlqw/w640-h480/DSC07671(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;">Marie Dubois aussi!</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge1hZwhuo3j7aHYFsLxMYIMDL0alua4Ao4oDdCynLkJZBS5aAs1pzF6woVv2Pe6SMJpEXNf31zR-FAYeLGI8Ry0hZBPD2W36m1Ge0X6j-Ye7jEkJLuk6xcPvNwBVeJpoodyiH7TyfriXH4ajC6JD3wKqzGrFwD0a97VzOirtb94CSJc-qiQT3nia-eKOjJ/s1000/DSC07666(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge1hZwhuo3j7aHYFsLxMYIMDL0alua4Ao4oDdCynLkJZBS5aAs1pzF6woVv2Pe6SMJpEXNf31zR-FAYeLGI8Ry0hZBPD2W36m1Ge0X6j-Ye7jEkJLuk6xcPvNwBVeJpoodyiH7TyfriXH4ajC6JD3wKqzGrFwD0a97VzOirtb94CSJc-qiQT3nia-eKOjJ/w640-h480/DSC07666(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div><span style="font-size: medium;"> Le seigneur des Albarels toujours bon pied bon œil nous a annoncé la venue d'une surprise au prochain repas qui sera organisé dans son domaine sous la véranda qui, depuis de nombreuses années, sert de lieu de réunion.</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj3g-TVztFU8IXfmBvKylrMN8bR5R0nZKgLpyJrXj_iVSz4Wbdy_TtddlgSdnyrviksn5QM2KPMznYrC2lziN5U40V7NQ91D4gVxvCz4lgRP0E6xkcx5YQRtx_thFiLWerU41fUobF5VaSIzWqeSt6opi-myaAhcAJQ0VNG0QKNlpaRXi393lPoIjG3FDX/s1000/DSC07664(1)(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj3g-TVztFU8IXfmBvKylrMN8bR5R0nZKgLpyJrXj_iVSz4Wbdy_TtddlgSdnyrviksn5QM2KPMznYrC2lziN5U40V7NQ91D4gVxvCz4lgRP0E6xkcx5YQRtx_thFiLWerU41fUobF5VaSIzWqeSt6opi-myaAhcAJQ0VNG0QKNlpaRXi393lPoIjG3FDX/w640-h480/DSC07664(1)(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Jean et Roger</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWamhh_cme5MmvVgnYBifiEo7JJnVUTBUnn0k9HLqgtOVESlwWXMsKdSx0T7iRbLg2OEgcwIc9asbPwJ1gbnHUmm7Lg2_UfVmVtdu6BOA4Is8NmLje2L2_jyai-oWtoKdl-ID6UOdMyfSOhMGYFga5Y8MdoPeO6FZPM9mw8KpDOVoIS4FZkDxUDAfsBOU1/s750/DSC07663(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="563" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWamhh_cme5MmvVgnYBifiEo7JJnVUTBUnn0k9HLqgtOVESlwWXMsKdSx0T7iRbLg2OEgcwIc9asbPwJ1gbnHUmm7Lg2_UfVmVtdu6BOA4Is8NmLje2L2_jyai-oWtoKdl-ID6UOdMyfSOhMGYFga5Y8MdoPeO6FZPM9mw8KpDOVoIS4FZkDxUDAfsBOU1/w480-h640/DSC07663(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Gérard a eu droit à un baiser appuyé</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMsqE9aHv5DuFMH5lwfXoXS0qADhrW61MXlpQF8AD_4D30VPgiCixjg7wNFG4-cR3GNlvEC26ayV4E37FsD7MizDwYl_zu3APjr94Hss1rFdHDg6wn1X8kP06u99MiyPZejMbXNivieGSoyhI7a-XFI306etXk13mx01-r6cd6Mlih4-S_JtDKWcuP620W/s1000/DSC07661(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMsqE9aHv5DuFMH5lwfXoXS0qADhrW61MXlpQF8AD_4D30VPgiCixjg7wNFG4-cR3GNlvEC26ayV4E37FsD7MizDwYl_zu3APjr94Hss1rFdHDg6wn1X8kP06u99MiyPZejMbXNivieGSoyhI7a-XFI306etXk13mx01-r6cd6Mlih4-S_JtDKWcuP620W/w640-h480/DSC07661(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5anuYGkgmDtFO_RUv_7XR-BckembDqzj03KLp-qkoDgQLU-QNTbBjMFRtnTehxNvrnHZcinWs14LevEIyc9-ejIkxsbPY9qajvshrEeNRywP674ZWA7D0iZNOTzt1-ubJzbsh-uwoDBHgC37bT-MlWBGdqVHrx8N66ih6USZRAjYCZRsOF_FCKoE8nCXQ/s1000/DSC07660(1)(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5anuYGkgmDtFO_RUv_7XR-BckembDqzj03KLp-qkoDgQLU-QNTbBjMFRtnTehxNvrnHZcinWs14LevEIyc9-ejIkxsbPY9qajvshrEeNRywP674ZWA7D0iZNOTzt1-ubJzbsh-uwoDBHgC37bT-MlWBGdqVHrx8N66ih6USZRAjYCZRsOF_FCKoE8nCXQ/w640-h480/DSC07660(1)(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div> <span style="font-size: medium;">Les vieux croûtons ont su apprécier le repas qui leur a été proposé </span> <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOgxqh_lloWbCl2UPiGXqCO3Yl-3rXK-OS60E0Ew2BVHY9wxuNLjiRHBRPjijDDVLwLSIo7gu4KglWmmg7-mCdnEBTZC8Cln3I-HJgqrnllvs4HSBS34c9TTgiu9lVz7EkamNmXDFrd__P4EuH269SQQGC3UryomROKdusMlmYHMdG-c12icWLde8t21D5/s1000/DSC07659(1)(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOgxqh_lloWbCl2UPiGXqCO3Yl-3rXK-OS60E0Ew2BVHY9wxuNLjiRHBRPjijDDVLwLSIo7gu4KglWmmg7-mCdnEBTZC8Cln3I-HJgqrnllvs4HSBS34c9TTgiu9lVz7EkamNmXDFrd__P4EuH269SQQGC3UryomROKdusMlmYHMdG-c12icWLde8t21D5/w640-h480/DSC07659(1)(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW_mDuUrEqiRuzIlOqQBxrKUz7sQfjddfiNnb4Lr_9sGszOcEoTw43_bIhY7-EvIdp-Dtg_MOaqpnuqhw_JPw6_YuW3ne3mU6oqmb8A-Di5f6yU36V1pgC8yvdwPulM3fdyZBSTi5QMDWNuaUJ5QTfqoPsa7VqCADeF713Tlq_KeyS-D7FvME2AD5-tWTY/s1000/DSC07658(1)(1).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW_mDuUrEqiRuzIlOqQBxrKUz7sQfjddfiNnb4Lr_9sGszOcEoTw43_bIhY7-EvIdp-Dtg_MOaqpnuqhw_JPw6_YuW3ne3mU6oqmb8A-Di5f6yU36V1pgC8yvdwPulM3fdyZBSTi5QMDWNuaUJ5QTfqoPsa7VqCADeF713Tlq_KeyS-D7FvME2AD5-tWTY/w640-h480/DSC07658(1)(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-91144414178678450502024-01-17T16:20:00.000+01:002024-01-17T16:20:39.827+01:00Le Portail antique de la rue du Plô<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_K2nOhKF50mjRQBGbFFJhjxXy-pj_Bj4N_x-9N1Ooh2HHbcSSJliivnOq1wijWC746wF2xljhW0Wnfvltim2f9k7Wz30y-Nyccr1tSAqtI1l1SgqKxmL74RIlVzoHLNYD0H13izhRG1vF_ZVUmRLdBpySAd4hb0ki3RiBLSPDnU3GuBlNDYd5ExnSQ3Jw/s400/portail.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_K2nOhKF50mjRQBGbFFJhjxXy-pj_Bj4N_x-9N1Ooh2HHbcSSJliivnOq1wijWC746wF2xljhW0Wnfvltim2f9k7Wz30y-Nyccr1tSAqtI1l1SgqKxmL74RIlVzoHLNYD0H13izhRG1vF_ZVUmRLdBpySAd4hb0ki3RiBLSPDnU3GuBlNDYd5ExnSQ3Jw/w640-h480/portail.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /> 2024............ Enfin!!! le portail que j'ai toujours connu dans mon enfance, ancienne maison de notre poissonnier citadin, Roger ANDRIEU, vient d'être restauré avec... de simples planches.<div>En espérant que cela soit temporaire, sachant que cette maison appartient aux Monuments Historiques..... cela laisse rêveur....<div><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcHO0OLacy7wpVJBtO_DQoCD1ZrILc_P-TRhqBKSOR7guKJjwhSRPJI6S6CHMDHYXzwp8lPOQWgO5wyiOQhfNRy5bgHB6LgqAtTCHFMrFz5Lxfuv9bXfhdM226oiHfvrYa20jfgUgypSwHVUuvyfLJD9NtgklvN6IkwpQ7hDDmlK-lg05p_fbiMobVwTev/s1000/portail%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="909" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcHO0OLacy7wpVJBtO_DQoCD1ZrILc_P-TRhqBKSOR7guKJjwhSRPJI6S6CHMDHYXzwp8lPOQWgO5wyiOQhfNRy5bgHB6LgqAtTCHFMrFz5Lxfuv9bXfhdM226oiHfvrYa20jfgUgypSwHVUuvyfLJD9NtgklvN6IkwpQ7hDDmlK-lg05p_fbiMobVwTev/w582-h640/portail%201.jpg" width="582" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div></div></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-69293512533121176142024-01-11T11:17:00.001+01:002024-01-12T10:02:14.936+01:00Les graffitis des tours de la Porte Est du Château Comtal<p> Longtemps occupé par l'Armée, le Château Comtal garde de nombreux témoignages des soldats qui habitaient les lieux.</p><p>Et les pierres nous parlent de ces hommes ... Dates, signatures, dessins, réflexions...</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX0D_QBw6Tq6CSvnTQcvvZ0HWfbM-aKHC8LaYzKxHV_L1CAWNo9oEoZ0jxj8WQxzWJnZH1B6gwq5qcdnAKJPthIREHd2hTkt0I6Icyq2bzALH7GEcy0w93279-11IpT42BteFVmll1lG_Lr2-IIY1Y4tDb2cZ7DEjKEiu2bCuTkH7hnrRQVhE_g8yIHKF2/s3617/1%20OK.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2592" data-original-width="3617" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX0D_QBw6Tq6CSvnTQcvvZ0HWfbM-aKHC8LaYzKxHV_L1CAWNo9oEoZ0jxj8WQxzWJnZH1B6gwq5qcdnAKJPthIREHd2hTkt0I6Icyq2bzALH7GEcy0w93279-11IpT42BteFVmll1lG_Lr2-IIY1Y4tDb2cZ7DEjKEiu2bCuTkH7hnrRQVhE_g8yIHKF2/w481-h344/1%20OK.jpg" width="481" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEzUg3K9IhL6lj2ER8c-9SUIpAE4-89EaomVemFgNW3Au4rm5zx-kpx3m2LXGGQa3oTozAvyKKqlcbmm-a421Hnhgc-2u6BMqRWT7Ibz02orWR1PqFK4PQ4ocw0wEtO-iF4P-YY6ERu2E5r-ZvgEtsAROOuXKRjLoUDD9P6BA4XFwXiVH844qmbwXb_7Wh/s3888/3%20OK.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; 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text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqWXEkozdVIRcHhMSwygE2hbpZNB_lc6oN62nbt6OGMT_s2Q1oOPNqDINRd1dvUeMscnzMNm5K9ZZ0uDCjJ8Y51ckmp_qjIltzixF4piclSoojELzQKDdKqHVtbGy2q7ZlL90SuEsduDlvfWz8uraiLh4I759VSFwgb-PZhj-VjJULSCrPatwQMHNq00WJ/s2995/6%20OK.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1714" data-original-width="2995" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqWXEkozdVIRcHhMSwygE2hbpZNB_lc6oN62nbt6OGMT_s2Q1oOPNqDINRd1dvUeMscnzMNm5K9ZZ0uDCjJ8Y51ckmp_qjIltzixF4piclSoojELzQKDdKqHVtbGy2q7ZlL90SuEsduDlvfWz8uraiLh4I759VSFwgb-PZhj-VjJULSCrPatwQMHNq00WJ/w479-h274/6%20OK.jpg" width="479" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>L'Armée quitte le Château Comtal à l'issue de la Première Guerre Mondiale et la Cité, fraîchement restaurée entre dans l'ère du tourisme naissant.<div><br /><div>Il est à noter toutefois que la garnison du Château a compté jusqu'à 220 militaires...</div><div><br /></div><div>Photographies Fabienne Calvayrac<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p style="text-align: center;"><br /></p></div></div>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-84443510676386369782024-01-07T11:27:00.022+01:002024-01-07T11:53:15.004+01:00Souterrains de la Cité de Carcassonne<p> </p><p>Des archives départementales, Fabienne nous transmet des articles concernant les souterrains de la Cité voir photocopies ci dessous.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp43rKV8q7omf2dgllk5lSXJv-yxq4M4MqdTz9bQPVO62p-9vQr2GU44244K4M9UQjbTsnz-YEGMgJRjOL6p1OF0jqb7b8FoNGnXy159f2qEKI9i9VLLBs8lBM2XQd0yr1osJKB38LA3fob-GBpkVKNCQtUSrtoUHi8ZEq4ec6vVoSpTolFTZpTd7CjLeL/s1049/S1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1049" data-original-width="633" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp43rKV8q7omf2dgllk5lSXJv-yxq4M4MqdTz9bQPVO62p-9vQr2GU44244K4M9UQjbTsnz-YEGMgJRjOL6p1OF0jqb7b8FoNGnXy159f2qEKI9i9VLLBs8lBM2XQd0yr1osJKB38LA3fob-GBpkVKNCQtUSrtoUHi8ZEq4ec6vVoSpTolFTZpTd7CjLeL/w386-h640/S1.jpg" width="386" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLbU80Xs_RoCbeHYtu81Zt2flvE9u3QSh_B8VZYZfy73KRDAo2ktGZ9Zg0oQiBzEAf4vL3kwwHZP3ocObGG7EXwjGuPTtyrEnBXb9uS9-3BkgNCDPEJb_KKNZwkxDbNgAfkVQWzYvrtF_JYVQT5aLIcX-DkQGS5gbJBlHNH1sZUbvCVU1CbK9saZkkPjQ7/s1300/s2bis.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1106" data-original-width="1300" height="544" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLbU80Xs_RoCbeHYtu81Zt2flvE9u3QSh_B8VZYZfy73KRDAo2ktGZ9Zg0oQiBzEAf4vL3kwwHZP3ocObGG7EXwjGuPTtyrEnBXb9uS9-3BkgNCDPEJb_KKNZwkxDbNgAfkVQWzYvrtF_JYVQT5aLIcX-DkQGS5gbJBlHNH1sZUbvCVU1CbK9saZkkPjQ7/w640-h544/s2bis.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyI0z2c8CXYMYWqDNk_DPKWs75VOUfNUdEs7f5PcP-M0eI0xXktYaxvwCTWqMLll-D0Vf4__DRm8FCTSF8z8D3sylwlD5tXNP-4LQCUKmrLaSFmPciAL9DSIisCedwi4HOUORCCHTBBG0TfKE8kGdFnkvwytSuaTnbG_eSzflPJQmpIbbUcM7Pgn8Y524X/s1825/S2TRI.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="569" data-original-width="1825" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyI0z2c8CXYMYWqDNk_DPKWs75VOUfNUdEs7f5PcP-M0eI0xXktYaxvwCTWqMLll-D0Vf4__DRm8FCTSF8z8D3sylwlD5tXNP-4LQCUKmrLaSFmPciAL9DSIisCedwi4HOUORCCHTBBG0TfKE8kGdFnkvwytSuaTnbG_eSzflPJQmpIbbUcM7Pgn8Y524X/w640-h200/S2TRI.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikQ2GRirUgOiqer1nSEkut2wHuu9x08qFUbNn8E11ihjXmo4P7zvb7-kn52CvwSRySOq2-yf5yKDmzaFRzaQHxAp4aRu2PBjL6Ha3GkusqLvpPkOmtMNg38d5JKiaJ-vdUCljciRK1vzzH1ESy7eKL64iUSxy1qy8O8vsiWPTbFuuvQP8P7uIUDNOLeBRK/s1937/S4BIS.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1937" data-original-width="1631" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikQ2GRirUgOiqer1nSEkut2wHuu9x08qFUbNn8E11ihjXmo4P7zvb7-kn52CvwSRySOq2-yf5yKDmzaFRzaQHxAp4aRu2PBjL6Ha3GkusqLvpPkOmtMNg38d5JKiaJ-vdUCljciRK1vzzH1ESy7eKL64iUSxy1qy8O8vsiWPTbFuuvQP8P7uIUDNOLeBRK/w538-h640/S4BIS.jpg" width="538" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Trouvées dans le jardin d' un particulier des canalisations en pierre Photographies Anton de ciutad ci dessous .</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0iGQKBMJ0lIRd9jBIO1Da06SV5GhVGopVOIxEIGg1aUGrPvjUrX1PzwFZ7XIXyvMB1tI-8YfQAbl3pTQP_gfpz_A45YcCGU_X01EroFvA4YEIpiTLz38E4XPPi8qN32svfhgBNDn0BQfTsPmuMSrrY6KFVbvU6QukOVwGEDt2fH36u2b-ygCmwl3fsYNS/s1000/S6B.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHREs8If1h0k5EsUMJ71doY2yn4sc-QDA1KY2hgzs0IZNK76G0gEJbKdm8VaQ7CO8juDhJV12tW6-GsilM-G-cwQOdJ8P5Ea30GDcDifXy2GSpyR_BWe_5JQFUr79Gvrk80xh7lBfC9mj9rK0XGy8A5tq88cc2Q6EKwvLx5f2bE3WV4tt_vVj-_9n-Qw6k/w640-h480/S9B.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK7N0-pUuD-o_l6Uvt91PhLb0CitQMoa10jR7ldKPRdPvOq5LGNoiNsklvkSfjynPxBxSTpB9eWWeJ6VTWiKG59U73ki-342r1FZUQD83R8be-xG-bt4T8P-8wQyVSj5j2rjHDhP8cNxTFrsDrdsC50ysBgmpJHsUVi2bJQ-0oEMo7ADGBDE6QjZiS5hQO/s1000/S10B.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="750" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK7N0-pUuD-o_l6Uvt91PhLb0CitQMoa10jR7ldKPRdPvOq5LGNoiNsklvkSfjynPxBxSTpB9eWWeJ6VTWiKG59U73ki-342r1FZUQD83R8be-xG-bt4T8P-8wQyVSj5j2rjHDhP8cNxTFrsDrdsC50ysBgmpJHsUVi2bJQ-0oEMo7ADGBDE6QjZiS5hQO/w480-h640/S10B.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-33827605874833697262023-12-31T12:37:00.000+01:002023-12-31T12:37:16.256+01:00Bonne année 2024<p> Chers amis lecteurs, amoureux de notre Cité de Carcassonne, je vous souhaite, au seuil de l'année 2024 tous mes voeux les meilleurs avec une priorité la santé.</p><p>Gros poutous macarel <br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim4RYyw9AloYIRcUlqW7qZlOUOyHEMEH0hrv-Jxkh1WIaDyHauzSXkzhKbc6Vob_xnVy1FUEQm38I1va8nkQasWDaTzak88v5Vqf61hs6JCLR29UNZ501GY_dcEy7nVT-stq8fu5EHg0d93o8vMXmrp15zTxEI1T_i0w1SgkGfqqrQGVCJrKAy_FIIOaFa/s1080/7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="745" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim4RYyw9AloYIRcUlqW7qZlOUOyHEMEH0hrv-Jxkh1WIaDyHauzSXkzhKbc6Vob_xnVy1FUEQm38I1va8nkQasWDaTzak88v5Vqf61hs6JCLR29UNZ501GY_dcEy7nVT-stq8fu5EHg0d93o8vMXmrp15zTxEI1T_i0w1SgkGfqqrQGVCJrKAy_FIIOaFa/w442-h640/7.jpg" width="442" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-88896355721065732362023-12-27T19:55:00.003+01:002023-12-27T19:55:22.585+01:00Festival Cité Ciné<p> </p><p><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2211639167t" style="background-color: #ededed; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><tr style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><td align="left" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">Festival CitéCiné </strong></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">du 11 au 15 janvier 2024 à Carcassonne</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">Du 11 au 15 janvier 2024, Carcassonne vivra au rythme du cinéma avec la 6e édition du Festival CitéCiné ! Cette année le festival présentera 38 œuvres, 31 films avant-premières et 7 courts-métrages. Plus de 50 artistes dont Ken LOACH et Vincent LINDON seront présents à Carcassonne pour présenter leurs films et rencontrer le public. Retrouvez toutes les informations sur le festival, sa programmation et réserver votre pass pour participer à cette 6e édition sur <strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">www.festivalcitecine.com</strong></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">KEN LOACH</strong></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">L’illustre cinéaste britannique, aux multiples Palmes d’Or, sera à Carcassonne les 11 et 12 janvier. Un hommage lui sera dédiée lors de la cérémonie d’ouverture jeudi 11 janvier et une rencontre avec le public est proposée le vendredi 12 janvier à 09h00.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">VINCENT LINDON</strong></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">Après avoir reçu le Prix d’Honneur de la 5e édition en janvier 2023, Vincent LINDON sera de retour à Carcassonne lors de cette édition 2024 du Festival CitéCiné ! Le comédien, Prix d’Interprétation du Festival de Cannes de 2015, prononcera un discours le jeudi 11 janvier prochain lors de la cérémonie d'ouverture de cette 6ème édition.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">Vincent Lindon va à nouveau rencontrer le public du festival le vendredi 12 janvier de 17h00 à 19h30 dans l’amphithéâtre de l’Odeum</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><span style="border: 0px; font-size: 21px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">TARIFS 2024 </strong></span></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">L'accès aux films du festival est possible uniquement via l'achat d'un pass festival ou d'une accréditation professionnelle.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">PASS CINÉPHILES + FILM et CÉRÉMONIE DE CLÔTURE / 50€</strong><br style="outline: none !important;" />Donne accès à toutes les séances et événements du festival + cérémonie ouverture avec Vincent LINDON et Ken LOACH + cérémonie et film de clôture lundi 15 janvier.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">PASS CINÉPHILES / 40€</strong><br style="outline: none !important;" />Donne accès à toutes les séances et événements du festival + cérémonie ouverture avec Vincent LINDON et Ken LOACH.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">PASS WEEK-END (vendredi-samedi-dimanche) / 30€</strong><br style="outline: none !important;" />Donne accès aux séances du vendredi, samedi et dimanche.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">PASS JOURNÉE (vendredi OU samedi OU dimanche) / 15€</strong><br style="outline: none !important;" />Donne accès aux séances d’une journée choisie.</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: none !important; padding: 0px;">PASS LUNDI 15 JANVIER + COCKTAIL DÎNATOIRE / 35€</strong><br style="outline: none !important;" />Donne accès aux séances du lundi, à la cérémonie et au cocktail dînatoire de clôture.</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCAF7k_XSkwysQz2t7Pxd_v0B54gnJIHW7JyWDU_X18bgWeYMMmHoA9cixbQ4fHMPRE3_0-D6lq6EqoRjPz45JbCmxYOcNIxbOPYXjEC8e7f-Amm3Qjzpq5H4cT0V-IWGnJrUxoc8-86zr6jK7SYEyY7nMcdEOeTqshMhAN5NmmpzSw9rpp16XxHTBE_zF/s1250/capture-decran-2023-12-20-a-16-57-16.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="940" data-original-width="1250" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCAF7k_XSkwysQz2t7Pxd_v0B54gnJIHW7JyWDU_X18bgWeYMMmHoA9cixbQ4fHMPRE3_0-D6lq6EqoRjPz45JbCmxYOcNIxbOPYXjEC8e7f-Amm3Qjzpq5H4cT0V-IWGnJrUxoc8-86zr6jK7SYEyY7nMcdEOeTqshMhAN5NmmpzSw9rpp16XxHTBE_zF/s320/capture-decran-2023-12-20-a-16-57-16.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="billet clearfix" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212529; font-family: Raleway, serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Ken LOACH,</span> l'un des plus grands cinéastes contemporains, a forgé une carrière exceptionnelle en explorant les aspects les plus profonds et les plus complexes de la société à travers son œuvre cinématographique engagée. Né le 17 juin 1936 à Nuneaton, en Angleterre, il a débuté sa carrière dans le cinéma dans les années 1960 et n'a cessé de captiver le public avec des films puissants et poignants dénonçant sans concession la société au Royaume Uni (Riff-Raff, Raining Stones, Ladybird, Carla's Song, Sweet Sixteen, Moi, Daniel Blake). Ses films, laissent entrevoir son engagement dans les conflits sociaux et dans la lutte pour le droit des travailleurs ou des immigrés clandestins (Les Dockers de Liverpool, Bread and Roses, The Navigators, It's a Free World!...). </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;">Ken LOACH, par son engagement artistique et sa perspicacité politique, incite le public à questionner et à repenser le monde qui l'entoure. La rencontre exclusive en ligne organisée par le festival, lors de la crise sanitaire de janvier 2021, a été un moment privilégié.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;">À travers ses décennies de carrière, Ken LOACH a démontré que le cinéma peut être un puissant vecteur de changement social et politique. Sa capacité à éveiller les consciences et à susciter des débats fait de lui une figure emblématique du cinéma engagé.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">LES RENDEZ-VOUS</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;">Nous vous donnons rendez-vous <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">vendredi 12 janvier à 09h00</span> dans l’amphithéâtre de l’Odeum pour une rencontre exceptionnelle avec Ken LOACH. Inscriptions ouvertes dès maintenant pour les personnes en possession d’un pass festival ou d’une accréditation. </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;">En parallèle de la programmation officielle, le long-métrage I DANIEL BLAKE (Palme d’Or 2016) sera projeté au cinéma CGR Le Colisée. Cette projection est en partenariat avec le CGR Le Colisée et CinéBastide et est accessible au tarif de 5€ hors pass.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Réserver votre pass : <a href="https://festivalcitecine.com/fr/ticketing" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fbcba4; text-decoration-line: none !important;">https://festivalcitecine.com/fr/ticketing</a></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;">Crédit photo : Paul Crowther</p><div><br /></div></div>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-37014425496669524062023-12-17T20:00:00.001+01:002023-12-19T12:58:55.921+01:00La Tour Ronde de l'Evêque<p> Aujourd'hui appelé - à tort - Tour de l'Inquisition, cet ouvrage, situé sur l'enceinte intérieure, est daté des années 1280.</p><p>La tour <i>de l'Inquisition </i>communiquait avec l'évêché, tout comme sa voisine la Tour Carrée de l'évêque.</p><p>Sa dénomination actuelle en a fait l'objet de bien des fantasmes, dus, d'une part, à l'Inquisition ayant sévit à Carcassonne avec une très grande dureté et, d'autre part, à certains "détails" de cette tour qui méritent quelques lignes...</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwaURkgWTastOSxU6MqzB3_YOfMr3m869TXgSv7Gyb3NeneqJrtAanrtXfUEkgfEdRWOIbfyj5ZKhSfPU6pRJaFXp54WxfPMXY4bF7Hn94z0D108lvAxPOS8QgxJmBFauEjcmMKrrvH8RZBvYj5vMgoikIffU1nP4UqYtHPR-iregqUdB9hJR48zHAxUF6/s4608/cit%C3%A9%202014%20B.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4608" height="379" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwaURkgWTastOSxU6MqzB3_YOfMr3m869TXgSv7Gyb3NeneqJrtAanrtXfUEkgfEdRWOIbfyj5ZKhSfPU6pRJaFXp54WxfPMXY4bF7Hn94z0D108lvAxPOS8QgxJmBFauEjcmMKrrvH8RZBvYj5vMgoikIffU1nP4UqYtHPR-iregqUdB9hJR48zHAxUF6/w505-h379/cit%C3%A9%202014%20B.JPG" width="505" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Photographie Fabienne Calvayrac</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">En effet, des graffitis présents sur plusieurs pierres laissent penser qu'elle a pu servir de prison, mais rien toutefois ne permet de le confirmer. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Rappelons par ailleurs qu'elle fut construite plus de 40 ans après l'instauration de l'Inquisition par le pape Grégoire IX en1233.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Notons aussi que lorsque cette tour a été construite, vers 1280, l'Inquisition possédait déjà sa propre et terrible prison appelée <i>Le Mur</i>, au pied du front ouest de la Cité. Cette prison inquisitoriale s'étendait sur 2700 m2.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvvkKgf6KDVe_tHZax3ZDS1WLxDVrVFosN0TX3IUtErc_Bk0Cp02w4OSXTTTBXOxwdgxphHYWI6cWbQ63eODuFBJdmc6Fgs5WIhmnWJrXd2iQFoxo1nDD2q0XpE7ie1iAOKk_uiGeYmtXZWtGj1xzUpO785SsW1Cm3RCeF4lZ-cBphQxW5r2QSWsBRZOCf/s663/inquisition%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="663" height="438" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvvkKgf6KDVe_tHZax3ZDS1WLxDVrVFosN0TX3IUtErc_Bk0Cp02w4OSXTTTBXOxwdgxphHYWI6cWbQ63eODuFBJdmc6Fgs5WIhmnWJrXd2iQFoxo1nDD2q0XpE7ie1iAOKk_uiGeYmtXZWtGj1xzUpO785SsW1Cm3RCeF4lZ-cBphQxW5r2QSWsBRZOCf/w567-h438/inquisition%203.jpg" width="567" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaeHirf8dtjZQjUuHsCay3ZlTrEOlFa-bGULhVJeOAtSOOddwZnmQPrEML5u3A7JFf0d0AOlg5_aJ1ecbrKHDSQnmWPkcT5j8iuijE1kNxwHssOrmGsHLXkDpMjZVmg9GUCa3uUwNo9QF1CVMJyb1JcQ0iKg_JqGmk6uZj-pj-5s9Cyo_iLf34AFIo7-ss/s512/inquisition.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="372" height="562" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaeHirf8dtjZQjUuHsCay3ZlTrEOlFa-bGULhVJeOAtSOOddwZnmQPrEML5u3A7JFf0d0AOlg5_aJ1ecbrKHDSQnmWPkcT5j8iuijE1kNxwHssOrmGsHLXkDpMjZVmg9GUCa3uUwNo9QF1CVMJyb1JcQ0iKg_JqGmk6uZj-pj-5s9Cyo_iLf34AFIo7-ss/w409-h562/inquisition.jpg" width="409" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Source BNF</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><i><br /></i></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Autre sujet de fantasme concernant cette tour, et pas des moindres, la salle base est dotée en son centre d'un imposant pilier de pierre sur lequel est accroché une chaîne épaisse.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Qu'en est-il exactement ?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXLpOYPZ9dUVUeCY3p_PUf0sKbAu4dQ9DMWvzuei4GUkw-cLFkl9ZTIalgoL05fnwGJiELGhzD7WD8NPL1EjnBE4iJQP7fksTMF6Rn5YIqlKq7-g4Bd5pAnV-i7CpU4tr6xcRNdDDXR7lrhuRXqDNfMRjw2V_CcE4LDVl1B1tpuAN5jPtUDSNtdEB0LSIb/s4208/DSC_1450.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4208" data-original-width="2368" height="700" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXLpOYPZ9dUVUeCY3p_PUf0sKbAu4dQ9DMWvzuei4GUkw-cLFkl9ZTIalgoL05fnwGJiELGhzD7WD8NPL1EjnBE4iJQP7fksTMF6Rn5YIqlKq7-g4Bd5pAnV-i7CpU4tr6xcRNdDDXR7lrhuRXqDNfMRjw2V_CcE4LDVl1B1tpuAN5jPtUDSNtdEB0LSIb/w394-h700/DSC_1450.JPG" width="394" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLk_7lLxnEPy5vTX6yFhXX-oq9kIsieboWlVkqbku060kmnCjWfxlJjiK56HlRejBAATrhOvvaMhn5XCQOHM1ByiqrQnwWl_UrQcBYIsAiB854GLQMWP4yJlP2SyYhepdPxTDvtaHYFJLdyyvgWcszKuDz95YbybcWVlPQO9Djkv2lAj7KvzwQF8kWwb6F/s4208/DSC_1449.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4208" data-original-width="2368" height="705" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLk_7lLxnEPy5vTX6yFhXX-oq9kIsieboWlVkqbku060kmnCjWfxlJjiK56HlRejBAATrhOvvaMhn5XCQOHM1ByiqrQnwWl_UrQcBYIsAiB854GLQMWP4yJlP2SyYhepdPxTDvtaHYFJLdyyvgWcszKuDz95YbybcWVlPQO9Djkv2lAj7KvzwQF8kWwb6F/w396-h705/DSC_1449.JPG" width="396" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><i><div style="text-align: center;"><i> Photographies Fabienne Calvayrac</i></div></i><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh8QTwmM6oqsXi4n70Tceot3iy1DigtNp41gbU5ymbQukqz0hFQ33hdLMRjOEjL8WZ0CLB5V3p-i8nnSejWmltZ1WS0tbkMyRlz2i5pHbunFOB_tgzhppogZdQqQTgR1yJ2YUs32KWzDqfw66dZv3cklbG3PnHOYl4x7lP2OD7wU5rQMVuFTJRLL7oI2Wt/s4015/tour%20ronde%20de%20l'%C3%A9v%C3%AAque.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4015" data-original-width="3094" height="513" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh8QTwmM6oqsXi4n70Tceot3iy1DigtNp41gbU5ymbQukqz0hFQ33hdLMRjOEjL8WZ0CLB5V3p-i8nnSejWmltZ1WS0tbkMyRlz2i5pHbunFOB_tgzhppogZdQqQTgR1yJ2YUs32KWzDqfw66dZv3cklbG3PnHOYl4x7lP2OD7wU5rQMVuFTJRLL7oI2Wt/w396-h513/tour%20ronde%20de%20l'%C3%A9v%C3%AAque.JPG" width="396" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><br /></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaAWShmKUHRS5-kKDXr-GmLqQI1AZBe1OgNLbwvuMAOjwmwQAR8cZsO4l8KS4qyhjA2MKSj9aFlChWuYFQTLBPZV2JuXRiaBjky2c4ur64-PQM3fa7YQz64mKJteSrwuSL9o1tGaSwCremREUdI_nwintnYNCtBhmIeDzq5hymTqDKYkN3Df2NODMXOM09/s4608/114.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4608" data-original-width="3456" height="531" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaAWShmKUHRS5-kKDXr-GmLqQI1AZBe1OgNLbwvuMAOjwmwQAR8cZsO4l8KS4qyhjA2MKSj9aFlChWuYFQTLBPZV2JuXRiaBjky2c4ur64-PQM3fa7YQz64mKJteSrwuSL9o1tGaSwCremREUdI_nwintnYNCtBhmIeDzq5hymTqDKYkN3Df2NODMXOM09/w399-h531/114.JPG" width="399" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Croquis Léopold Verguet 1905/ AD 11</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><br /></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Les études menées sur cette tour nous apprennent que ce pilier et la chaîne en question font en fait partie d'un système défensif ayant pour but de barrer le passage entre cette tour et celle du Petit Canissou.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Le dessin ci-dessus, que l'on doit au chanoine Léopold Verguet, montre une coupe de ce système quand la chaîne est tendue entre les deux tours, très proches l'une de l'autre.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_1w_nTk-cvmVDJASBB65-mJjAdbCEjDiCEc7AI7vFUx9i1ljC4O5BbhOlMfSsmTFbMwuh017R_M4tVYTkS6__s4QD3HcYiEUP-TQQqjEF_ATSOTgNn9KPjJFm3loB6P0HyfAUN3FWWk3tJjyf_UO5fSpcVd7kEvsD9pmJhG7QkWvWywZoCNQBzrUNeL5p/s693/lll.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="693" data-original-width="603" height="553" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_1w_nTk-cvmVDJASBB65-mJjAdbCEjDiCEc7AI7vFUx9i1ljC4O5BbhOlMfSsmTFbMwuh017R_M4tVYTkS6__s4QD3HcYiEUP-TQQqjEF_ATSOTgNn9KPjJFm3loB6P0HyfAUN3FWWk3tJjyf_UO5fSpcVd7kEvsD9pmJhG7QkWvWywZoCNQBzrUNeL5p/w480-h553/lll.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Ci-dessus: </i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>à gauche, la Tour du Petit Canissou et à droite la Tour Ronde de l'Evêque avant la restauration de sa toiture</i></div><br /> Mais, bizarrement, l'Inquisition et ses monstrueuses dérives continuent à fasciner, et alimentent un certain commerce qui semble plutôt lucratif ...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Fabienne Calvayrac</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><br /></i></div><br /><i><br /></i></div><br />Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-2091336764131723472023-11-20T13:08:00.002+01:002023-12-03T11:16:42.038+01:00Hier et aujourd'hui... Dans les rues de la Cité<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYywIx5BPKQDtFQ9bLkqdZ_QXX6jyaGyiiHiLGE_mbANM2MShzzNdz4YiVBg48LcgJ9K1rc5VBmTEIU2PpOTRFBqL3EHgnAIyzJpImm-xMvypu13zSvnn2VeY6Ro5oYMnMskEG2kMNKGMegC65JfpaEeNuc87jqtpAFOLfuThyphenhyphenZNyo3SLyaA7TGpSZFIJA/s580/3532368.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="580" data-original-width="371" height="576" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYywIx5BPKQDtFQ9bLkqdZ_QXX6jyaGyiiHiLGE_mbANM2MShzzNdz4YiVBg48LcgJ9K1rc5VBmTEIU2PpOTRFBqL3EHgnAIyzJpImm-xMvypu13zSvnn2VeY6Ro5oYMnMskEG2kMNKGMegC65JfpaEeNuc87jqtpAFOLfuThyphenhyphenZNyo3SLyaA7TGpSZFIJA/w369-h576/3532368.jpg" width="369" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguWxbTYUCvorpGTb0HfHLuKIWUAMguaK3BNLcMFOhEFY9Y8IiFRaMYVcU70_MLCdqucWy6VchljkILaGlVN0RmAtddnMoamlt8pRsLNm14LKuUbC-fNhcB3IvSobbiZ7wO3_vw_hSOlPt7PF9rDDqbGRZNNXXm0JLVDXEyflJgT15Swi9tOX06PB9kLvZ-/s3443/DSC_1402%20ok.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3443" data-original-width="2082" height="599" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguWxbTYUCvorpGTb0HfHLuKIWUAMguaK3BNLcMFOhEFY9Y8IiFRaMYVcU70_MLCdqucWy6VchljkILaGlVN0RmAtddnMoamlt8pRsLNm14LKuUbC-fNhcB3IvSobbiZ7wO3_vw_hSOlPt7PF9rDDqbGRZNNXXm0JLVDXEyflJgT15Swi9tOX06PB9kLvZ-/w363-h599/DSC_1402%20ok.JPG" width="363" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Porte du XVIème siècle, rue du Comte Roger</div><br /> <p></p>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-63466730736266391512023-11-14T21:39:00.001+01:002023-12-03T11:18:05.811+01:00Les remplois d'éléments lapidaires dans la Cité<p> Comme le rappelait l'article de l'Indépendant ci-dessous, paru en 1972, de nombreux éléments provenant de la destruction de bâtiments religieux, militaires ou civils peuvent être repérés dans les murs des constructions actuelles de la Cité.</p><p>L'article, signé Antoine Labarre, met l'accent sur des fragments provenant, pour certains, de l'évêché de la Cité, et repérés dans un muret de l'Hôtel de la Cité et dans la galerie des Inquisiteurs.</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf1Y0ZJc6SK4eHfNJzXCvLpVDFLqmPTsxJi0HiZnXVR3fKDMhcR-GvN6vABUypm42ejYM1M1gR-TJ093H0ses8R5rvl71SgKBcMqr_p8TJ55dcwCa_XdkYXGFnOMPdzihjCTQz_AYTQInU7tszFS2H3oD6kK_ZYr5PgTiI3T9Y1P2-mu7Lf3TV2phAB7UJ/s2320/INDEPENDANT%209%20JUILLET%201972.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2320" data-original-width="1626" height="710" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf1Y0ZJc6SK4eHfNJzXCvLpVDFLqmPTsxJi0HiZnXVR3fKDMhcR-GvN6vABUypm42ejYM1M1gR-TJ093H0ses8R5rvl71SgKBcMqr_p8TJ55dcwCa_XdkYXGFnOMPdzihjCTQz_AYTQInU7tszFS2H3oD6kK_ZYr5PgTiI3T9Y1P2-mu7Lf3TV2phAB7UJ/w496-h710/INDEPENDANT%209%20JUILLET%201972.JPG" width="496" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Article copyright AD 11</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Ci-dessous, quelques photos de ces remplois dans la galerie...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNy_UjTWPkTzP19IySjO9kYb4o6S1mOWeY6aZ-84XUHSQD9tuz09FFfJqtChKM8c4KlefvyppcthCA457hyphenhyphensCwbuQy56gdilsGOEj2s3zZRqHd-XVrVMysdxlRaZ8gxIKd7F1Elp389WsnELzSOHTl7zXgw4axYUWmxcwf3bSB22HCf2b5FkzHidJrQWFR/s4208/GALERIE%20OK.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4208" data-original-width="2368" height="903" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNy_UjTWPkTzP19IySjO9kYb4o6S1mOWeY6aZ-84XUHSQD9tuz09FFfJqtChKM8c4KlefvyppcthCA457hyphenhyphensCwbuQy56gdilsGOEj2s3zZRqHd-XVrVMysdxlRaZ8gxIKd7F1Elp389WsnELzSOHTl7zXgw4axYUWmxcwf3bSB22HCf2b5FkzHidJrQWFR/w508-h903/GALERIE%20OK.JPG" width="508" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgstQhzNAAwxskVS4fQa8eoBYVn-eRMl6mvErH8ne4JQLEHuiEG1BpTIBwlcC-o_V4umHor1IWJYicACV3cCW-YCuoix33qrvnTqt1Serx8uxXoP_6DuFy735Lbner7KPPN4qGAaXPcYrtjX9UfoYppJ3JHiRM4n6SK_71GlaqDK-XengmaWiWdkKSqnWll/s4208/REMPLOI%201.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2368" data-original-width="4208" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgstQhzNAAwxskVS4fQa8eoBYVn-eRMl6mvErH8ne4JQLEHuiEG1BpTIBwlcC-o_V4umHor1IWJYicACV3cCW-YCuoix33qrvnTqt1Serx8uxXoP_6DuFy735Lbner7KPPN4qGAaXPcYrtjX9UfoYppJ3JHiRM4n6SK_71GlaqDK-XengmaWiWdkKSqnWll/w533-h300/REMPLOI%201.JPG" width="533" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1999" data-original-width="2610" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMO-sSa76QKt7UIVoRTttPqm19r1zPRRYKHNnrRT4FmYamYL8ahWG_bCv-pvCiOhRxXlCfixc5xyzey9Moc8QLZAsgdQviPWDxoYdTY8XyBOzHeICaFA5oXZct2WY2qDJnFgWGB5yE50BYvYkwkx2Snpzno2zPNHT_aS6jMlS780SHY8LxUc2seCpYFuG5/w564-h432/REMPLOI%205.JPG" width="564" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOp3qxoNvjfYLmiw9mbiaHqOoAgY9XJtlNErsbfXbRqdI6g5HY5h2WxCd5z0PzzBN-XI__KrUAaoFCUkekHriWhGFqBl7f2pT1IHIca3uD_jg2FeCUt0ak_SoV6Xl6KcfZzy6AgopdrPK2x3Fsq0GNgkoAQ6aob9yv2KZm4K9HIU-hfpuO7n5Peowh-q6E/s4208/REMPLOI%206.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2368" data-original-width="4208" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOp3qxoNvjfYLmiw9mbiaHqOoAgY9XJtlNErsbfXbRqdI6g5HY5h2WxCd5z0PzzBN-XI__KrUAaoFCUkekHriWhGFqBl7f2pT1IHIca3uD_jg2FeCUt0ak_SoV6Xl6KcfZzy6AgopdrPK2x3Fsq0GNgkoAQ6aob9yv2KZm4K9HIU-hfpuO7n5Peowh-q6E/w592-h334/REMPLOI%206.JPG" width="592" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYy9By9f_6M_ekhYJ8hg3Av5xdFOXDqMj6ngqQSNTRlTNUAHFAifNU8CasNa0lJ9mQnz4cxYgBHsGfYwkEXGXBge8LQFvywnpoSKjg0658UJUUDvagGlvEUQY4VqoYJThCTjPlKZXZzNtAogBUFBnS6wyz7Hp1uMFmiMq-bVaFoa70YbjS7iUPbk-_Yirn/s2368/REMPLOI%207.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1943" data-original-width="2368" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYy9By9f_6M_ekhYJ8hg3Av5xdFOXDqMj6ngqQSNTRlTNUAHFAifNU8CasNa0lJ9mQnz4cxYgBHsGfYwkEXGXBge8LQFvywnpoSKjg0658UJUUDvagGlvEUQY4VqoYJThCTjPlKZXZzNtAogBUFBnS6wyz7Hp1uMFmiMq-bVaFoa70YbjS7iUPbk-_Yirn/w584-h480/REMPLOI%207.JPG" width="584" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">D'autres fragments sont malheureusement aujourd'hui cachés par des publicités racoleuses qui privent le visiteur de la découverte de ces éléments d'un intérêt certain...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Ci-dessous, bloc sculpté de style roman en remploi sur la façade d'une maison du XIXème siècle... </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">(Rue Saint-Louis)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix89T2Zqp9klbV_TXCF_A-HgNP5TwGdAvVmV3nw8C1-OdN_DGNYY-eiQNYO2aZQPmKRcSht2qSwfL0QfqhLcu3k2eW9aLoI2lkY3J_KUuzJ5s9W5YtqUH5c07yNQ2joxJpbBP0GJ8b0ssa5XmalvfI3PIdgitul72mM_nGyhhFEwsO1KSxq4-n72ptW-Ch/s4208/DSC_1287%20(1).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2368" data-original-width="4208" height="343" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix89T2Zqp9klbV_TXCF_A-HgNP5TwGdAvVmV3nw8C1-OdN_DGNYY-eiQNYO2aZQPmKRcSht2qSwfL0QfqhLcu3k2eW9aLoI2lkY3J_KUuzJ5s9W5YtqUH5c07yNQ2joxJpbBP0GJ8b0ssa5XmalvfI3PIdgitul72mM_nGyhhFEwsO1KSxq4-n72ptW-Ch/w610-h343/DSC_1287%20(1).JPG" width="610" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Ou encore, comme ici, deux gargouilles de Saint-Nazaire dans un jardin privé...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">(Ont été déplacées depuis ces photos et sont toujours dans la Cité mais chez quelqu'un d'autre...)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCMgweeJDNONtYiAWt9Si_IZ001Az6Pu6ui7vgL1eEUp7rqnc149K_vNjgJsSZIMw8b769YjlgpyCFNtFo2lYJDLzdXZf_O16_j_X3rLkWKEEtDUeYQZlGAUL7DY2gsWPY2Bo5VY6J6pLDSOmBon6kHXkp4jYY-CovJB63m9aCr2Zbdqfx_40nUhlfyhAt/s2814/GARGOUILLE%20LILY.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2814" data-original-width="2268" height="525" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCMgweeJDNONtYiAWt9Si_IZ001Az6Pu6ui7vgL1eEUp7rqnc149K_vNjgJsSZIMw8b769YjlgpyCFNtFo2lYJDLzdXZf_O16_j_X3rLkWKEEtDUeYQZlGAUL7DY2gsWPY2Bo5VY6J6pLDSOmBon6kHXkp4jYY-CovJB63m9aCr2Zbdqfx_40nUhlfyhAt/w423-h525/GARGOUILLE%20LILY.JPG" width="423" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh3Pl21WYqPaq-7vGxbanE2sHeJmha5F4cuavGU3Ct0DIkNi9CuwFArtdWBoeDLpGJ_Dmg8-nfjKAuIKeZ0OImN68_vPhYusEvlGR6Fq0aUc39ERgJBMDGsZGh0GelqHTYwMQoiC7V4BYLS8-pMvEXBV4M1p6PyuPK3cAMrnjUvIY9XgoIx5tzIKrSZWa9/s4208/DSC_1610.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4208" data-original-width="2368" height="826" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh3Pl21WYqPaq-7vGxbanE2sHeJmha5F4cuavGU3Ct0DIkNi9CuwFArtdWBoeDLpGJ_Dmg8-nfjKAuIKeZ0OImN68_vPhYusEvlGR6Fq0aUc39ERgJBMDGsZGh0GelqHTYwMQoiC7V4BYLS8-pMvEXBV4M1p6PyuPK3cAMrnjUvIY9XgoIx5tzIKrSZWa9/w465-h826/DSC_1610.JPG" width="465" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Et, toujours dans le même jardin...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEAWs1S1BFrqlPKeEFfW86YtelbXiB6TaWZXjwyzFnr2L-HSZB9ImxyCpWAs8znWitOMzj5T9-xCwv3JAfW91MbRENHsCJ-F4yAm68DSsiWWK_YgWQ-cuxeWjyHnaLMCjlHiRLsq0RVxa5FyjdHykXD7_ajVHVscOKzB5WeSUqboQYYJOYNfqnyhiepO42/s4208/DSC_1611.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4208" data-original-width="2368" height="757" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEAWs1S1BFrqlPKeEFfW86YtelbXiB6TaWZXjwyzFnr2L-HSZB9ImxyCpWAs8znWitOMzj5T9-xCwv3JAfW91MbRENHsCJ-F4yAm68DSsiWWK_YgWQ-cuxeWjyHnaLMCjlHiRLsq0RVxa5FyjdHykXD7_ajVHVscOKzB5WeSUqboQYYJOYNfqnyhiepO42/w426-h757/DSC_1611.JPG" width="426" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Vous l'aurez compris, ce patrimoine, bien que discret, mérite pourtant toute notre attention.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Alors que les mutations qui touchent La Cité sont, à l'évidence, plus tournées vers le commerce que vers la culture, ces éléments lapidaires nous rappellent l'importance historique des pierres et des <i>oeuvriers</i> qui nous les ont léguées.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Textes et photographies Fabienne Calvayrac</div></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p style="text-align: center;"><br /></p>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-5189186657503620322023-10-25T13:39:00.002+02:002023-10-25T18:29:04.706+02:00Les silos du bourg Saint-Michel<p> En 2012 Monsieur Franck Putelat rachetait l'Hôtel Pautard (Hôtel du Pont-Levis) et décidait de moderniser ce lieu emblématique situé dans l'emprise du bourg Saint-Michel, face à la Cité.</p><p> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhvA_BxtZrmgSQvUxc4QnQ7wE7fK9h9vvz_IYxfz0JKALfmXYNyJ6UGQDAbZxedwMLb_u8WT5PGy-TvYeL7XZ4bojTWYTL2tdfdHINRGQiMNqAckX0j5mJ7IADBDMB-ozA_go7ZStv3S8VMBGVwKVOlCEEDz4bVFVKB1WrohMkEgItS59hWHkzcDyTBpJbe" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="169" data-original-width="299" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhvA_BxtZrmgSQvUxc4QnQ7wE7fK9h9vvz_IYxfz0JKALfmXYNyJ6UGQDAbZxedwMLb_u8WT5PGy-TvYeL7XZ4bojTWYTL2tdfdHINRGQiMNqAckX0j5mJ7IADBDMB-ozA_go7ZStv3S8VMBGVwKVOlCEEDz4bVFVKB1WrohMkEgItS59hWHkzcDyTBpJbe=w582-h329" width="582" /></a></p><p> <i> Photographie L'Indépendant</i><br /><br /></p><p>Ces transformations devaient mettre au jour une impressionnante batterie de silos rappelant qu'au Moyen-âge ce lieu était habité. Repérés et signalés par l'archéologue Dominique Baudreu, ces silos ont fait l'objet d'une fouille et d'une étude réalisés par Annick Despratx et Romain Wiss, tous deux archéologues de l'Amicale Laïque de Carcassonne.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ADERpnH78-CC1xzDAeZB8FKtIgbIzn_AVtgy1szDqb4PhnfBNl3xfeI6PKn3UWhSefYdIQzuiPog4nB710QtfR6T5nEGufv6Ya734KH6mCagxTxvM2Az69nfspVJQT0vEt319ONZFB9L-wyhEHjhUkxWc1TEePwdryA1V95yMUvoY-JgKUQv2fhDUVcO/s400/silos%20Pautard%201.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ADERpnH78-CC1xzDAeZB8FKtIgbIzn_AVtgy1szDqb4PhnfBNl3xfeI6PKn3UWhSefYdIQzuiPog4nB710QtfR6T5nEGufv6Ya734KH6mCagxTxvM2Az69nfspVJQT0vEt319ONZFB9L-wyhEHjhUkxWc1TEePwdryA1V95yMUvoY-JgKUQv2fhDUVcO/w476-h357/silos%20Pautard%201.jpg" width="476" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjofn1n_ESLuv8ZiGLrMTbGLd9zW9Oj7SyZxaEMdhKAt9siFOrF4mgRd9m1DA05D0gQSYFvWRxDTbVulHlCjRxDx9DXjhyVvBg9an1mY3ciGg8Iqbqs0wzSCbvDrtuNCYwGC-Q8LgtcTigrIi-2lZBDpVamFSWE216HpD61qlrV7sK3WSVqmATO_UnD0-48/s400/silos%20Pautard%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjofn1n_ESLuv8ZiGLrMTbGLd9zW9Oj7SyZxaEMdhKAt9siFOrF4mgRd9m1DA05D0gQSYFvWRxDTbVulHlCjRxDx9DXjhyVvBg9an1mY3ciGg8Iqbqs0wzSCbvDrtuNCYwGC-Q8LgtcTigrIi-2lZBDpVamFSWE216HpD61qlrV7sK3WSVqmATO_UnD0-48/w477-h358/silos%20Pautard%202.jpg" width="477" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdvTDWAa5uV1eVYe1mDxykE6TrlgRROkldAcR6h20ON4YvBHkcPoh9vidtXjeHFhILYkxa3aKUdADqhvxAeVRQCpfcNeLyiA435ie-m4iiLD8P8UGI45soC0ZVdaNyrYe24Qy5_iLY0y0qEBlp8DTmio1mp8uQfiWRmgR5tXqTxBjOuVCtdAxDFqL7f37-/s400/silos%20Pautard%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdvTDWAa5uV1eVYe1mDxykE6TrlgRROkldAcR6h20ON4YvBHkcPoh9vidtXjeHFhILYkxa3aKUdADqhvxAeVRQCpfcNeLyiA435ie-m4iiLD8P8UGI45soC0ZVdaNyrYe24Qy5_iLY0y0qEBlp8DTmio1mp8uQfiWRmgR5tXqTxBjOuVCtdAxDFqL7f37-/w476-h357/silos%20Pautard%203.jpg" width="476" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Cette découverte fortuite complète les trop rares connaissances que l'on a sur les bourgs de la Cité, et nous rappelle que les abords de la Cité recèle de nombreux témoignages médiévaux encore enfouis ...</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">A protéger sans modération !</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Fabienne Calvayrac</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-35382421132058355682023-10-17T19:46:00.002+02:002023-10-21T12:25:56.583+02:00Les habitants des Lices... <p> Lors des restaurations de la Cité, au XIXème siècles, les habitants qui vivaient entre les remparts de la forteresse furent expropriés. </p><p>Il reste de nombreux témoignages évoquant les 122 maisons construites contre les enceintes au fil du temps, des jardins, et plus encore des personnes qui peuplaient cet espace aujourd'hui entièrement dégagé.</p><p>Les visuels ci-dessous sont des détails de cartes postales ou de photographies anciennes en hommage aux Ciutadins du XIXème siècle...</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWBcOQflQlvPW2B6YHQUNokblcm7ECql_ajxFxAan5g5aSIsaVlxfVOZKAp9kltsmFhnMl2HVfMy2v-70h0riphDlfDoVm4KaJalFEzJqAFHUYcHpP2F9AuftGrXrqFMXYkaUuDZ8Vyw7atgo22BklWwzBqB85xIEHvFcatjjYO1ifuiBqnKszLvpKlSLj/s624/les%20habitants%20des%20lices.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="564" data-original-width="624" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWBcOQflQlvPW2B6YHQUNokblcm7ECql_ajxFxAan5g5aSIsaVlxfVOZKAp9kltsmFhnMl2HVfMy2v-70h0riphDlfDoVm4KaJalFEzJqAFHUYcHpP2F9AuftGrXrqFMXYkaUuDZ8Vyw7atgo22BklWwzBqB85xIEHvFcatjjYO1ifuiBqnKszLvpKlSLj/w454-h410/les%20habitants%20des%20lices.jpg" width="454" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwFbgZCxU09PZjEoZLCGU6t9sTZr75ft6PxKyX88K-Pn0fenYQSjJ7IGKHb7rQLc9wWDo7I2D1oFSaLCl4Ns-b0cg6Xxn5pDHUmfhln0eePpQHa7bkRziAw4lENwG_m3LYg1xymBSO__5DVhryz7hEhrI9XdN8jEbb5-WSwCWpgUwXZSFhRrGoTxLp4BBf/s541/les%20habitants%20des%20lices%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="541" height="435" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwFbgZCxU09PZjEoZLCGU6t9sTZr75ft6PxKyX88K-Pn0fenYQSjJ7IGKHb7rQLc9wWDo7I2D1oFSaLCl4Ns-b0cg6Xxn5pDHUmfhln0eePpQHa7bkRziAw4lENwG_m3LYg1xymBSO__5DVhryz7hEhrI9XdN8jEbb5-WSwCWpgUwXZSFhRrGoTxLp4BBf/w471-h435/les%20habitants%20des%20lices%202.jpg" width="471" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhutEOyS8lKcPNbsu1jrbSknqp39EgqDPIDayOdEdj4qERUUIHqJKnTErVuH_tHCT_UsWthm-ZiblVEz53NmPsA9VelMfbm-CZntrY8mo3yUQS3pVOjc_OIl2aVCJtG_NYe-GZYQSeQ2tjMdcIDKCmEGkWMIEP_qRyn4IfrytqI6ZTfVpX7WriiYeTTeSZj/s542/les%20habitants%20des%20lices%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="513" data-original-width="542" height="457" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhutEOyS8lKcPNbsu1jrbSknqp39EgqDPIDayOdEdj4qERUUIHqJKnTErVuH_tHCT_UsWthm-ZiblVEz53NmPsA9VelMfbm-CZntrY8mo3yUQS3pVOjc_OIl2aVCJtG_NYe-GZYQSeQ2tjMdcIDKCmEGkWMIEP_qRyn4IfrytqI6ZTfVpX7WriiYeTTeSZj/w482-h457/les%20habitants%20des%20lices%203.jpg" width="482" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-90303865537489085862023-10-05T12:13:00.002+02:002023-10-08T07:18:43.706+02:00Hier et aujourd'hui: La Porte Narbonnaise au fil du temps...<p> Juste pour le plaisir des yeux !</p><p>Hier...</p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4xBigdVfvy_SGIIasZRBnu6I-clHuckttmwmYS7awO5Z8cg5r3Hq4r21-PSFRVgFE_VdQoY0aTjynpEPXw0asIVvQ0Ztes-_FxB0IUMEOMlahGgxytkO7VxzCC4JKfOgTZynfYNyEISZx4x8wtTtv5NRkF1-QMiGqEXsmr5VU9eCw9H3Wu2mvf4KhCu-Q/s2122/PROFIL%20PONT%20LEVIS%20DEBUT%20XX.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2122" data-original-width="1616" height="567" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4xBigdVfvy_SGIIasZRBnu6I-clHuckttmwmYS7awO5Z8cg5r3Hq4r21-PSFRVgFE_VdQoY0aTjynpEPXw0asIVvQ0Ztes-_FxB0IUMEOMlahGgxytkO7VxzCC4JKfOgTZynfYNyEISZx4x8wtTtv5NRkF1-QMiGqEXsmr5VU9eCw9H3Wu2mvf4KhCu-Q/w432-h567/PROFIL%20PONT%20LEVIS%20DEBUT%20XX.JPG" width="432" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJxmGcc5yh4vQAPccS_7SuBhURPdt7ntn6wSL2qOPe1XQLYTmyxZ_NGr4Zvgyb7szn2H82A8ljXNLGVVE-e3R7N10pnRd96BqJHbDQ0Dnqj0UUkn4Uf7EcXdDkk7dR6aKe7cGSg-awNvylEVEdqFH4x9Wf6zcWACKTvNoduYJmATeUCk8_lsI3m5y_BFvO/s4208/DSC_1329%20-%20Copie.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2368" data-original-width="4208" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJxmGcc5yh4vQAPccS_7SuBhURPdt7ntn6wSL2qOPe1XQLYTmyxZ_NGr4Zvgyb7szn2H82A8ljXNLGVVE-e3R7N10pnRd96BqJHbDQ0Dnqj0UUkn4Uf7EcXdDkk7dR6aKe7cGSg-awNvylEVEdqFH4x9Wf6zcWACKTvNoduYJmATeUCk8_lsI3m5y_BFvO/w574-h323/DSC_1329%20-%20Copie.JPG" width="574" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLDqKJoKAQFeQXJ_UYB27EmAYJGv2fq2f4fkHHkUDb7wFyajHxSVG1TG7rUCsOA6hHGp7VXlauo8AjZr8NuOCACcRYd3Rdk2vDJLuQg__ByniNY2GmKKivTUQMvYxfQTewbi0l6J7tPJarWX-ILLowTt5LWnGeWWYv6ZHgwNTel0dMRY0irbc-0Dy6q7zd/s2048/12185490_182606692080261_297576407748455690_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1286" data-original-width="2048" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLDqKJoKAQFeQXJ_UYB27EmAYJGv2fq2f4fkHHkUDb7wFyajHxSVG1TG7rUCsOA6hHGp7VXlauo8AjZr8NuOCACcRYd3Rdk2vDJLuQg__ByniNY2GmKKivTUQMvYxfQTewbi0l6J7tPJarWX-ILLowTt5LWnGeWWYv6ZHgwNTel0dMRY0irbc-0Dy6q7zd/w643-h404/12185490_182606692080261_297576407748455690_o.jpg" width="643" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p></p>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-36942956091351709522023-09-29T12:22:00.001+02:002023-09-29T12:22:29.385+02:00CARSAC, aux origines de Carcassonne<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv8GypDU-bsM9NotaraO-X4HPbLsP6VN2hrT-U-XhhK2gvVj11EGWgvPdEpHoRLRMmt19Wa3xQFe6Y8bXt8Gtl6fj0P9V6nMze3s_qZ8IebB6NjBC5s9l4NXHS8-K7jiGI0si879BoVp8kX6tvzVaZb_3iusv69CrZfeslTVrZGgdMIgrvEvs9ASu6uxG5/s2362/CARSAC%201.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2362" data-original-width="2135" height="475" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv8GypDU-bsM9NotaraO-X4HPbLsP6VN2hrT-U-XhhK2gvVj11EGWgvPdEpHoRLRMmt19Wa3xQFe6Y8bXt8Gtl6fj0P9V6nMze3s_qZ8IebB6NjBC5s9l4NXHS8-K7jiGI0si879BoVp8kX6tvzVaZb_3iusv69CrZfeslTVrZGgdMIgrvEvs9ASu6uxG5/w429-h475/CARSAC%201.JPG" width="429" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>Le site de Carsac, se situe au Sud de la Cité, sur un plateau s'étendant sur 25 hectares.</p><p>Il est limité à l'Est par le lycée Charlemagne, à l'Ouest par le lieu-dit Mayrevieille - où la famille Cros-Mayrevieille avait déjà fait quelques découvertes au XIXème s.- et au Sud par Auriac.</p><p>Occupée du 9ème s. au 6ème s. avant J.C , cette agglomération a été étudiée pendant de nombreuses années par les chercheurs Jean Guilaine, Guy Rancoule, Jean Vaquer et Jean-Denis Vigne dont les fouilles ont mis au jour des structures d'importance.</p><p>En effet, Carsac a révélé des fossés de défense, des silos et des fosses, des fours en torchis, (four à pain, four de potier et four de métallurgiste) attestant d'un artisanat confirmé par de nombreux artefacts tels que des fibules, un bracelet de bronze, de la céramique très abondante dans les sondages, de l'outillage en bois de cervidés ou encore des fusaïoles utilisées pour le filage de la laine et du lin.</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHMCfHTbgih188PXonGlSAjoU-eu1POOhubd5mQqTz_SVWNVKe4cPsNjsl2RGK_Lir155OsVKbeijfTt1gx5gHkjPJMq-FAK4IXds3-6Z0hgsE4P2DB0MKcQRzp5skmFaXRVf7pt8ZLCJWKlhvg-xxGk-F4c0MDcH1alVsE6a0D5F9nYjmc-HNvQAqCLYj/s2310/CARSAC%203.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2310" data-original-width="2172" height="453" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHMCfHTbgih188PXonGlSAjoU-eu1POOhubd5mQqTz_SVWNVKe4cPsNjsl2RGK_Lir155OsVKbeijfTt1gx5gHkjPJMq-FAK4IXds3-6Z0hgsE4P2DB0MKcQRzp5skmFaXRVf7pt8ZLCJWKlhvg-xxGk-F4c0MDcH1alVsE6a0D5F9nYjmc-HNvQAqCLYj/w426-h453/CARSAC%203.JPG" width="426" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ2aEBdganK1blj_q9eItcjHtr8fjsArpf_g3SrG5jEOTovm68yOKALsNfYMaXJwySETMbk_vX0yRRVTMJemfbJD4IKgeFG0tq9JY8Gbd4AnQ8nGDoka0Kqou9S2_dJeegnYfuq_TpMPOOPZmazurXni1em5A48ozUdyRr_ds-VpBsEo0A8E_Ght2l4fah/s2765/CARSAC%204.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2095" data-original-width="2765" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ2aEBdganK1blj_q9eItcjHtr8fjsArpf_g3SrG5jEOTovm68yOKALsNfYMaXJwySETMbk_vX0yRRVTMJemfbJD4IKgeFG0tq9JY8Gbd4AnQ8nGDoka0Kqou9S2_dJeegnYfuq_TpMPOOPZmazurXni1em5A48ozUdyRr_ds-VpBsEo0A8E_Ght2l4fah/w473-h358/CARSAC%204.JPG" width="473" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p>L'étude des pollens retrouvés sur le site nous apprend que le tilleul est l'arbre le plus représenté, mais atteste aussi la présence de frênes, d'aulnes, de noisetiers ou encore d'ormes.</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAAsymqRQT1Wewy0yxzYg9yv8ZQPjwZ_Vu6yYapGGJB4Aaqn3yu0ypzVowqNFIZw1xijLx95B3UnNY3ru3wj1KmK7RK5WdCVJ9wyDKJb1hs3zRFJjysOHDH_8dHVFqdnw4HKGYF3ovvt2WtQL6BNbp-DM1mcsZHvkD83AdXwxrc7mK-_xEPspLJ8NYa5Ai/s2816/CARSAC%206.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2100" data-original-width="2816" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAAsymqRQT1Wewy0yxzYg9yv8ZQPjwZ_Vu6yYapGGJB4Aaqn3yu0ypzVowqNFIZw1xijLx95B3UnNY3ru3wj1KmK7RK5WdCVJ9wyDKJb1hs3zRFJjysOHDH_8dHVFqdnw4HKGYF3ovvt2WtQL6BNbp-DM1mcsZHvkD83AdXwxrc7mK-_xEPspLJ8NYa5Ai/w465-h347/CARSAC%206.JPG" width="465" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRE8u7A0YM899-2wkzW9O9buS6XvRfoSjejLo0jwiCwRelvt_LXOMZLguGDZTYIXzCZalXU25uUWTEXuPbWxDAprUw5y95Mi7t-UsNoaZBdWXaATAESEx4_NL2bMKLYzHI-Rro0kxpixIh5yudmVjUQ9LKXLDR77QUCKKVXMlLiR_8nEAtEs_YRxyU2-xX/s2655/CARSAC%207.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2655" data-original-width="1998" height="551" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRE8u7A0YM899-2wkzW9O9buS6XvRfoSjejLo0jwiCwRelvt_LXOMZLguGDZTYIXzCZalXU25uUWTEXuPbWxDAprUw5y95Mi7t-UsNoaZBdWXaATAESEx4_NL2bMKLYzHI-Rro0kxpixIh5yudmVjUQ9LKXLDR77QUCKKVXMlLiR_8nEAtEs_YRxyU2-xX/w415-h551/CARSAC%207.JPG" width="415" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3YRps3Uk4qALy9PHFkyDKWzNwPYjtpCilVyQqZWjsVuRizS3wH14p6wyNDRKZMYJ-2IiGL7C3xajapChyphenhyphenYdE4nftOsi-Tkz3yN1LuPB_puatOX5gMrILniCwEm3XQJmYbOJ2jfDMx4qs69WnUf5F65zENU28uhrpizlZS_pzCAJBTkbsLd9K8wwTYlzMj/s3014/CARSAC%205.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2232" data-original-width="3014" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3YRps3Uk4qALy9PHFkyDKWzNwPYjtpCilVyQqZWjsVuRizS3wH14p6wyNDRKZMYJ-2IiGL7C3xajapChyphenhyphenYdE4nftOsi-Tkz3yN1LuPB_puatOX5gMrILniCwEm3XQJmYbOJ2jfDMx4qs69WnUf5F65zENU28uhrpizlZS_pzCAJBTkbsLd9K8wwTYlzMj/w510-h378/CARSAC%205.JPG" width="510" /></a></div><div><br /></div><p>Les habitants élevaient des boeufs, des chèvres, des moutons et des porcs, et cultivaient le blé, l'orge et l'avoine.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-4i3WSLZEkhWqYeG9SWqktJm-BYjya-_g7m9M6mr8NexKeFU0KGBdUFycavUd7xlucfFUEadQNhcNu3B0eUY3eJZb4BB7dOwbXH9G2us0NgolmF6I4lGV8EyzvHj4wulrc3ssKXguAON68AxjvNoRf0HoFmkKHpkMPK11tr5xW-yEeVrrieCPS8JLKNU/s2249/CARSAC%202.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1955" data-original-width="2249" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-4i3WSLZEkhWqYeG9SWqktJm-BYjya-_g7m9M6mr8NexKeFU0KGBdUFycavUd7xlucfFUEadQNhcNu3B0eUY3eJZb4BB7dOwbXH9G2us0NgolmF6I4lGV8EyzvHj4wulrc3ssKXguAON68AxjvNoRf0HoFmkKHpkMPK11tr5xW-yEeVrrieCPS8JLKNU/w471-h410/CARSAC%202.JPG" width="471" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>Au 6ème s. avant J.C, le site est abandonné et la population se déplace sur la butte de la Cité où l'oppidum Carcasso voit le jour. Plusieurs découvertes archéologiques de cette période ont été faites au cours du XXème siècle.<div><div><div><p>Source: </p><p><i>Carsac, une agglomération protohistorique en Languedoc </i>- J. Guilaine, G. Rancoule, J. Vaquer, M. Passelac et J-D Vigne</p><p><i>Carsac et les origines de Carcassonne - </i>Catalogue de l'exposition organisée au Musée des Beaux-Arts de Carcassonne - Nov. 1989 - Fév. 1990</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /></div></div></div>Lobabelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16201650451269322905noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-64060740312619375562023-09-28T09:58:00.000+02:002023-09-28T09:58:22.176+02:00nettoyage acrobatique<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga5XW_EHFg-7oM9qWwCsH-mLXNbQtdXLXPuAXMOa_-qhcArbJktD0GKgcWZSMNWp9X6Wo_E5wYtmz-F8ZkFhjUidG8lUiipKDhs6BCujBt4NHZd4DUOVR1Y81TAOBWJF0YH6ZWj8lrhyR9qTU1x2h5ykQnM05CsxumoyTCEs09rSwa_oc1uRCUAkDUZJT8/s5184/DSC07300(1).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3888" data-original-width="5184" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga5XW_EHFg-7oM9qWwCsH-mLXNbQtdXLXPuAXMOa_-qhcArbJktD0GKgcWZSMNWp9X6Wo_E5wYtmz-F8ZkFhjUidG8lUiipKDhs6BCujBt4NHZd4DUOVR1Y81TAOBWJF0YH6ZWj8lrhyR9qTU1x2h5ykQnM05CsxumoyTCEs09rSwa_oc1uRCUAkDUZJT8/w640-h480/DSC07300(1).JPG" width="640" /></a></div><p> travaux de nettoyage acrobatique</p> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8YQky2EzrW6V_faHZbsYnX1pNM6-uEWgFrzhEVz1yoQKAMOONwX7UpGRcPpmsMybhwR1nPNpwv-jIt17KRC9XmwQqSmOrV2UEb-EuvetW5rJGuRx3KvnjoBaBTgoi3JdfjFIdKM18cKe0hjHWWRym0ewjiWf3rYI5Y-G8Clugm_KPa0OyCmHNyAY6qpW4/s3888/DSC07301(1).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3888" data-original-width="2916" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8YQky2EzrW6V_faHZbsYnX1pNM6-uEWgFrzhEVz1yoQKAMOONwX7UpGRcPpmsMybhwR1nPNpwv-jIt17KRC9XmwQqSmOrV2UEb-EuvetW5rJGuRx3KvnjoBaBTgoi3JdfjFIdKM18cKe0hjHWWRym0ewjiWf3rYI5Y-G8Clugm_KPa0OyCmHNyAY6qpW4/w480-h640/DSC07301(1).JPG" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-56460210691177116262023-09-26T10:14:00.049+02:002023-09-26T10:14:00.126+02:00utilisation des voies Romaines<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-27324bbc-7fff-ea7d-d3a4-3fdcbeeabf3e"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">L’utilisation « administrative » des voies : légions et courrier impérial</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Le déplacement des légions</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> : l’une des raisons qui ont poussé la République puis l’Empire à construire des viae publicae est le déplacement des légions ; sur un aussi vaste empire, les armées doivent pouvoir se déplacer le plus rapidement rapide, or, une légion en marche comporte 5000 légionnaires sans compter les valets d’armes, les mules, les chevaux et les chariots tractés par des bœufs le tout étendu sur parfois plus de 10 km. La vitesse de déplacement d’une légion au complet oscille entre trois et quatre km/h, pas plus. Les marches forcées peuvent être plus rapide mais dans ces conditions, l’impedimenta, le train logistique, ne suit plus. L’intérêt principal des voies publiques lorsqu’elles sont correctement entretenues est de permettre une avancée « normale » des légions notamment sans flaques boueuses provoquant des ornières fatales aux lourds chariots, inconvénient problématique sur des chemins classiques pendant les périodes pluvieuses.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">À partir d’Auguste (63 a.C. à 14 p.C.), un « </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">service des postes de l’administration impériale</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> » voit le jour sur les plus importantes voies publiques, le </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">cursus publicus</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> : ses courriers, appelés tabellarii ou speculatores, parcourent en moyenne 75 km par jour en profitant du système de relais pour changer de monture. Exceptionnellement, ces courriers peuvent parcourir des distances plus importantes comme en 69 p.C. un courrier qui franchit les 108 milles romains séparant Cologne de Mayence en 12 heures à peine ce qui donne une moyenne de 13,5 km/h.</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gratuit, ce service fut utilisé très largement aussi par les dignitaires romains. Pour l’utiliser il fallait avoir une </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">evectio</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> ou </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">diploma </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(lettre de transport).</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> ou bien encore </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">tractoria</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, donné par l’empereur en personne ou par le préfet de prétoire (</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">consul qui commandant l'armée</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">) ou bien encore par un gouverneur de province. Ces pièces déterminaient aussi ce que les voyageurs pouvaient prélever dans les magasins. Ces documents étaient limitatifs dans le temps. </span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les voies romaines disposaient de leur </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">police de la route </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">: le plus souvent, ce sont des bénéficiaires c’est-à-dire des légionnaires </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">(1 solde ½ ou double solde et exemptés de corvées)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> qui sont détachés de la légion sur des points de passage stratégiques ou sur des stations routières importantes. Cette situation est quasi systématique en Germanie ou dans des régions proches du Limes où sont positionnées presque toutes les légions. Pour le reste du territoire de l’Empire ce sont probablement des soldats auxiliaires ou des gardes locales qui dépendent d’un préfet à la répression du banditisme.</span></p></li></ul><br /><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les commerçants et les voyageurs</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Si de nombreux commerçants fréquentent les voies terrestres, pour de longs trajets, la plupart des marchandises prenaient, chaque fois que cela était possible, la voie fluviale, plus pratique et moins chère. On apprend par l’édit de Dioclétien que le transport fluvial était entre 5 et 10 fois moins cher que le transport terrestre et que le transport maritime était, lui, de 25 à 50 fois moins cher.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Une exception notable et amusante : Pline l’Ancien dans son Histoire Naturelle (X, 22, 53) nous apprend que des troupeaux d’oies font « à patte » le voyage depuis le pays des Morins (actuel Pas-de-Calais) jusqu’aux marchés de Rome.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">L’insécurité régnant à certaines époques et sur certaines routes </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(troupes de Brigands)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> explique aussi la préférence du transport fluvial plus sûr.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Quant aux voyageurs, pèlerins ou touristes, ils préfèrent dès que possible voyager en groupe afin de pouvoir se défendre mutuellement en cas d’attaque de voleurs. Les voyageurs les plus riches n’hésitent pas à se déplacer avec leurs esclaves voire parfois avec d’anciens gladiateurs recrutés comme gardes du corps.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les véhicules</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les romains utilisaient plusieurs types de véhicules hippomobiles à deux ou quatre roues, tractés par des chevaux, des ânes, des mulets ou par des bœufs pour les chariots les plus lourds.</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">La terminologie des différents types de véhicules est assez confuse tant les noms recouvrent des réalités proches. On peut citer en vrac les rhedae, carpenta birotae, caruca, clabulae, petoritum, cisium, essedum, plaustrum, benna, carpentum, carri…</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cependant, on peut distinguer les principales catégories :</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– les véhicules de transport de personnes à deux ou quatre roues tels les rhedae ou caruca.</span></p><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 281px; overflow: hidden; width: 376px;"><img height="281" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/ViuGesybr1QTi3JH4UGAJsWTW2_JElt6k6J5gj-fhY9sG-jNvB6rbaRaa_qTeGnNZK5KGnUXmRkSZOIvAELj5qbZy8kcQLuIDX0yOSG2XWa3kzltcpvepYLh7S97PKF7zspKRwKcO3KJcRnJ19O7Fg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="376" /></span><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Reproduction d’une caruca – musée de Cologne)</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– Enfin, il existait un type de véhicule particulier, peu rapide mais singulièrement confortable : la </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">lectica</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> ou litière qui était l’apanage des plus riches…</span></p><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 193px; overflow: hidden; width: 309px;"><img alt="reproduction d'une lectica" height="193" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/5EnTqzMvTzTW2bsixIETBj8WD-amx9fJp5DbEc0JDAwER7wNeDKExaFeVVfYjAQMGboUmdk9iya7BIVx0ZCQe6zsh5vfVOqMdIeqJvZH0AuJr_B3l7Y1jdK4CxcLj9umqbFHwQfZAgn1IC_maIxYnA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="309" /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">reproduction d’une lectica – musée des temps barbares à Marle (Aisne)</span></p><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les aléas de la circulation</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">La circulation sur les voies romaines est exclusivement diurne, dans ces conditions, il est difficile de dépasser une moyenne de 20 milles romains/jour soit </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(35 km). </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Si les conditions sont exceptionnellement favorables, on peut parcourir une distance plus longue, mais le plus souvent, les conditions météorologiques, les incidents ou accidents peuvent ralentir considérablement la moyenne.</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les intempéries et l’état des routes : pluies, inondations, neige, ont des conséquences sur les infrastructures des voies et donc un retentissement réel sur la durée du voyage. Une crue soudaine et un passage à gué devient impossible obligeant les voyageurs à se détourner vers le 1er pont quelquefois fort éloigné. Des pluies torrentielles peuvent entraîner des glissements de terrains et couper les communications, idem avec la neige.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Finalement, ce sont les mêmes problèmes que de nos jours mais avec des moyens pour les résoudre bien moindre et moins d’incidences médiatiques.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les accidents : Certes, la vitesse très faible limite les risques mais une roue brisée, un cheval blessé ou un voyageur avec une belle entorse de la cheville sur une voie peu fréquentée en toute fin d’après-midi et c’est une nuit à la belle étoile qui peut s’avérer problématique l’hiver par grand froid ou avec des brigands traînant dans les parages.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les actes de brigandages : les voies romaines n’ont jamais été réputées pour leur sûreté. Nombreux sont les brigands de grands chemins qui sèment la terreur dans certaines régions. Si, comme le souligne Juvénal dans ses satires : « le voyageur dont la poche est vide chantera au nez des voleurs », les lettres de change n’existant pas encore, certains commerçants se déplaçaient avec des sommes parfois importantes pour leurs frais de déplacement ou pour leurs affaires. L’une des conséquences de cette insécurité : les voyageurs à cheval circulaient sur la partie gauche de la voie afin de pouvoir dégainer leur glaive et combattre plus facilement un ennemi potentiel arrivant en face </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">(les britanniques ont gardé ce sens de circulation « romain » tandis que sous l’impulsion de Napoléon, l’Europe adoptait la circulation à droite).</span></p></li></ul><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Conclusion</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Rome a conquis un vaste empire par les armes et par la diplomatie et elle l’a conservé par ce qu’elle a pu apporter de « mieux » aux populations indigènes. Si une certaine élite sociale a profité des bienfaits du confort à la romaine </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(domus avec hypocauste = système de chauffage, thermes publics, aqueducs amenant l’eau courante…)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> les voies romaines furent au bénéfice de tous.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cependant, le rôle essentiel aux yeux du pouvoir de ce réseau est d’acheminer vers Rome le plus rapidement possible des nouvelles fraîches des quatre coins de l’Empire grâce au cursus publicus et aux relais fréquents sur les voies publiques.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Enfin, il convient de signaler que les voies romaines ont longtemps survécu à l’Empire puisqu’elles ont servi de réseau routier principal bien au-delà de la période médiévale.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">De nos jours, ces voies, quand elles ont subsisté, ne sont que des vestiges servant aux promeneurs ou, exceptionnellement aux coureurs cyclistes du Paris Roubaix qui connaissent chaque année l’enfer des pavés </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(romains)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> du nord lorsqu’ils franchissent, trépides, la trouée d’Aremberg ou le carrefour de l’arbre.</span></p><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Sources :</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://leg8.fr/empire-romain/les-voies-romaines/" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les voies romaines - Légion VIII Augusta (leg8.fr)</span></a></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="color: red; font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://leg8.fr/armee-romaine/agrimensores/" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les agrimensores - Légion VIII Augusta (leg8.fr)</span></a><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 400; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">[les instruments !]</span></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.histoiredumonde.net/Un-exemple-de-voie-pavee-via-munita-a-Pompei.html" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Un exemple de voie pavée via munita à Pompéi. - Histoire du Monde</span></a></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://wol.jw.org/fr/wol/d/r30/lp-f/2006764" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les voies romaines : prouesses de l’Antiquité — BIBLIOTHÈQUE EN LIGNE Watchtower (jw.org)</span></a></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/AgensInRebus?__cft__%5b0%5d=AZXCTzSNSsUzrz_Xjgq0hKTiRoEhj1H5oep9fCX5-t7kmDj2dL8MKkwDO1SVg4Q5ZG3nKbmgO30nB5yxGC1OlJ7A8IicfzlznHnipIYnfgjKxRW_gpYd4DddbkA-ToCEBpgGhvvp0POxvoz3whuchobHu3ZCgN4mYurN-32tU_EGRlAwAiU4dMx6z2QJyNxGjn--SdP0KLqTyDKu3GGVbCXX&__tn__=-UC%2CP-R" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Storia Mundi</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> 16/06/2023</span></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.7pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.archeo-rome.com/voies/voies06.html" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Voies romaines (archeo-rome.com)</span></a></p></li></ul><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 100px;"></span></span></p><b><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Un grand merci à JP Oppinger qui pour le blog "los Ciutadins" a réalisé cette série d'articles très instructifs sur cette periode Gallo Romaine</span></b><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></span><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-56468958647113839222023-09-22T12:53:00.000+02:002023-09-22T12:53:04.912+02:00les bornes milliaires, Stations, gites et relais<span id="docs-internal-guid-04cb6ecd-7fff-66bb-01ff-800c5310c84f"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les bornes milliaires</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">G. </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Les bornes milliaires : ces colonnes de pierres d’une hauteur variant généralement entre 1,50m et 3m sont les véritables ancêtres de nos bornes kilométriques. D’un diamètre compris entre 50 et 80 cm, elles jalonnaient les voies romaines tous les milles romains </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(1481 m)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"> ou, dans le nord de la Gaule et en Germanie toutes les lieues gauloises </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">(2 222 m ou 1,5 mille romain)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ces bornes milliaires indiquaient les distances entre le point où elles sont implantées et la </span><span style="font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">cité la plus proche dans les deux directions. Sur leur partie supérieure, on trouve un texte en lettres capitales gravé et peint en rouge à hauteur de lecture d’un voyageur à cheval </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cette inscription mentionne le nom de l’empereur qui a fait construire la route ou décrété sa réfection, suit sa titulature en abrégé </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(c’est-à-dire tous ses titres honorifiques).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">PRINCIPI JUVENTITUTIS, M. NUMERIO NUMERIANO NOBILISSIMO CALSARI N M[ILLIA] P I.</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Principi iuventutis M Numerio Numeriano nobilissimo Caesari Narbone mille passus I</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Sous le règne du prince de la jeunesse, Marcus Numerius Numerianus, nobilissime César, 1000 pas de Narbonne</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(ancienne colonnette, réutilisée en borne milliaire, provient d'Alairac)</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Pour positionner correctement les bornes milliaires, les romains disposaient d’un odomètre </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(appareil monté sur un chariot et disposant d’engrenages permettant de faire tomber une bille dans un réservoir après un tour complet d’une roue dentée ce qui correspondait très précisément à mille pas). </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cet appareil nous est connu car il est décrit longuement dans « </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">De Architectura</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> » de l’ingénieur romain Vitruve.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 403px; overflow: hidden; width: 605px;"><img alt="Réplique d'un chariot de mesure romain (odomètre) - Musée de Pergame" height="403" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/YSrVK3pjJhM6DBwBRcCLJnOUE_wLYpQBrIupAP3dZ4jFmhd3BBpEinmLzK_OoxdSb780k-0egV-UOss6237qWB8r1PMCmqfrZwAkoRI3_865TGBT-bWNHAex2zC4Wy8PRACqEOHfefmmPSCoqWjoSA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="605" /></span></span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Réplique d’un chariot de mesure romain (odomètre) – Musée de Pergame</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Il existe aussi dans les villes des indicateurs routiers sous forme de plaques de marbre et qui informent sur les différents itinéraires, les stations sur le parcours et les distances.</span></p><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 316px; overflow: hidden; width: 421px;"><img alt="plaque de marbre indicateur routier" height="316" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-20PwYKtX4J9TijDubqRUD4bQyuEDPcmgLPPHsprebQ2DrLtY_sm-A6_iqaeCJEMlebb7cfDYuuWr_d6kKuNHtdby9MTsQyBfHW4wNJ6mm4CbRq-WK6792qcxBBIievJG00HaLlA4rnQL-3rctPSZg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="421" /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Plaque de marbre d’indicateur routier. (Source « les voies romaines en Gaules » </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 530px; overflow: hidden; width: 373px;"><img height="530" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/ZH9jKhFkeBxPkfWZKNbHSilGzb6NGhTdcdXiHEc-QAP0RYPby-aCNo7B7twpjpxHaWBfVabo1G3xldUaNGtk47n5Eezgfo0KCFZ-RUC9M09XSm_70aJPAGmuq2w7Lf4W3EhQIe5-kCbAGJljEJ-a6Q" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="373" /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Borne milliaire au château de Carcassonne </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[POP sap01_58p01403_p]</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Coulon Ed. Errance)</span></p><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les stationes : gîtes et relais</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Sur les voies publiques, on distingue deux types d’infrastructures destinées à une halte plus ou moins prolongée :</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">mutatio </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">sont des gîtes d’étape disposés tous les 20 à 30 km qui permettent de se reposer, de se rafraîchir et éventuellement de changer de monture.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Les </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">mensio</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">(6 à 8 fois moins nombreux) </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">sont de véritables relais bien équipés, avec une auberge pour la nuit, une étable pour les équidés, une forte capacité de stockage et même un maréchal ferrant, un charron voire un vétérinaire. On les trouve tous les 30 à 50 km </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">(variable, surtout en Orient, en fonction de la proximité immédiate de points d’eau)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">. </span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les infrastructures sont à la charge des municipalités sur le territoire desquelles elles se trouvent tandis que le matériel, les </span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">bêtes (en moyenne 40 chevaux publics –equiti publici– par mensio et 20 par mutatio)</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> et les fonctionnaires sont à la charge de l’État</span><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">On peut faire la distinction entre la fonction relais du cursus publicus, fiable et efficace et la partie tabernae (auberge privée) située à côté des relais qui pouvait dans certains endroits cumuler les problèmes : prostitution fréquente, clientèle peu fréquentable, cuisine grossière avec des viandes trop grasses et un vin fortement coupé d’eau… Tout cela poussait les voyageurs aisés à se faire inviter chez une personne privée.</span></p><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 420px; overflow: hidden; width: 424px;"><img alt="mensio Saverne" height="420" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/jHn3zvncqS69sqaHwJsoU3T7aBaNHEMJSUcbHTE0ZPX7rtwnH2OLH-3LJLj2p0FL4fRnlbCYzd0VdP6XQjWi4tglQgPXXiZHIn1aP7qiMbzhBqLxFDhBE7DtphbWK1ZfCsBbjRtS7hZs_MOkvfje0g" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="424" /></span><br /><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Candara, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">mensio Saverne</span></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></span>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-48014325174792926982023-09-22T09:10:00.002+02:002023-09-22T10:32:57.562+02:00Infrastructures<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-e0170703-7fff-4d55-a7a4-b3f14a7daa27"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Infrastructures des voies romaines</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les ouvrages d’art</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ils ont pour objectif de permettre de franchir les obstacles qui ne peuvent être contournés.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– Les tunnels :</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> relativement rares sauf dans des régions montagneuses où ils sont considérés comme indispensables, la plupart des tunnels creusés dans l’Antiquité l’étaient pour les aqueducs. Moins larges et moins hauts, ils étaient plus faciles à percer et permettaient une pente de l’aqueduc régulière et suffisante à l’écoulement des eaux, élément primordial à leur bon fonctionnement.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Le plus souvent, dans les régions au relief accidenté, les romains préféraient percer un passage taillé plutôt que d’avoir recours à un tunnel routier.</span><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 423px; overflow: hidden; width: 529px;"><img alt="Passage taillé en Toscane, probablement d’origine étrusque" height="423" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/rrACaG64LcBmCB-yXCGcv4Dx1UUldEuphsF-6PU7-r-spXLN4BwAc4ja6oail-x3-58UFz2fyFOAEWsdJdsZTE8Ygpuf6mOebFP4MQJyn8WVclKvbGjQ2ID9LBQI0u3j53jZva3_oOiuVYPr4xxW_w" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="529" /></span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Passage taillé en Toscane</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 7.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.1pt;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– Les ponts</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> : même si la plupart du temps, un franchissement de cours d’eau se réalisait par l’intermédiaire de bacs, voire de passage à gué (</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">si les conditions le permettent)</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, la largeur d’un fleuve, l’encaissement d’une rivière, la violence du courant, imposent la construction d’un pont.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Domaine dans lequel ils excellaient, les romains ont réalisés d’admirables ponts : on pense spontanément au célèbre Pont du Gard en oubliant un peu vite qu’il fut un ouvrage d’art destiné exclusivement au passage de l’eau (pont aqueduc) et qu’il ne devint un pont routier qu’au Moyen Age </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(ce qui lui permis d’ailleurs, étant entretenu régulièrement, de franchir allègrement les presque 20 siècles qui séparent sa construction de notre époque).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">L’un des ponts les plus spectaculaires jamais réalisés par les légions romaines fut celui élaboré par l’ingénieur Apollodore de Damas sur la Danube. C’était un pont avec des piles de pierre et un tablier de bois, avec des travées de 57 m. Ses dimensions : 1 135 m de longueur, 45 m de hauteur et 20 m de largeur. De cet ouvrage colossal, il ne reste malheureusement qu’un pilier en pierre sur une des rives du Danube.</span></p><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 378px; overflow: hidden; width: 605px;"><img alt="pont romain d'Alcantara en Espagne" height="378" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/2_exrLbqOfdk6c1QwXaG-nTs0_ZTHckNf5Si6jaHDagfCUaDF108JxcCWjLCamEd4iP-M7rfMYdmt7LtiWOacsbVGIZSnmqeguVekfRDzzlMqrSRR0E-t6O7i0jhR4PkS2JM3KD_WPCHaudh4MPBAw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="605" /></span></span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Des ponts routiers romains les plus remarquables subsistent encore en Espagne tel le pont d’Alcantara</span></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-9848b883-7fff-9cd9-d0af-b202084b4880"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Enfin, il existait des ponts de bateaux qui permettaient à la fois la circulation terrestre </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(franchissement du pont </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">et fluvial </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(passage de bateaux). </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">L’exemple le plus remarquable est certainement</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> le pont d’Arelate </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">(Arles) </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">:</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">maquette du pont de bateaux d’Arelate – Musée de l’Arles Antique.)</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcMKgMQrNJNkSyUzsNWeZD51Y1YRdf2lBKcN2LHsvMW8q6E6pyixtsT2gZAEKNsVwYMqeywONTdGoF0XVVX0hg0_gjxj7oF0OnH5fg6Soh9kl3QajkXrFct26ns-DX6sbhYoSBB7wRjm2kr02G4DaZHoDHDsgh6UOdt3EkyJPg2kNAp7Um8onFC8oZRfUH/s3509/img461.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"></a></p><div><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxA7HYjodwsb2YKvAfW6GpWjwF3Wvv3Xt9trtsepqJVqzdbx_DTksEVBsc6uGRd4WPzO5mtozpDtqdQQvRkV_y3peAxLr09Sl3mx9mv7a7ILJmjxr1mzPmCqJaw6StJHV_T0Sx_HoYEJVBxzjuFh7G-UGKGdk2GZ0ugjere0lM7NJZZ-BgqpCGR3qtnh9w/s195/pont%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="130" data-original-width="195" height="427" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxA7HYjodwsb2YKvAfW6GpWjwF3Wvv3Xt9trtsepqJVqzdbx_DTksEVBsc6uGRd4WPzO5mtozpDtqdQQvRkV_y3peAxLr09Sl3mx9mv7a7ILJmjxr1mzPmCqJaw6StJHV_T0Sx_HoYEJVBxzjuFh7G-UGKGdk2GZ0ugjere0lM7NJZZ-BgqpCGR3qtnh9w/w640-h427/pont%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9r6xVuw4HRU1LxUq_g7tm1jUpoBy3BIMt6lXlXwoIa5XKNmAiFch_80-z2Cx4XgcCGX8-ob2lNEZztzB2x4KeBLwSaPVTpJWaY4FoIwXwekjux8ScdurZl7lQhn69GzBTSo2uKoL0S84H8MiNoVCJZM_WTDVJFu-S2ZIoLzlpoFk-daaBXzGHqHY3SnOs/s174/pont1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="130" data-original-width="174" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9r6xVuw4HRU1LxUq_g7tm1jUpoBy3BIMt6lXlXwoIa5XKNmAiFch_80-z2Cx4XgcCGX8-ob2lNEZztzB2x4KeBLwSaPVTpJWaY4FoIwXwekjux8ScdurZl7lQhn69GzBTSo2uKoL0S84H8MiNoVCJZM_WTDVJFu-S2ZIoLzlpoFk-daaBXzGHqHY3SnOs/w640-h478/pont1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div><br />Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-58080381166190281362023-09-20T10:06:00.002+02:002023-09-22T13:00:04.292+02:00construction d'une voie Romaine<p> </p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Construction d’une voie romaine</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Les préparatifs avant la construction</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Avant de construire une route, les ingénieurs étudiaient la topographie de la région et recueillaient des informations auprès des habitants. Ensuite, ils traçaient l’itinéraire le plus logique en donnant la priorité à la rectitude et aux pentes modérées. Lorsque le terrain était vallonné, les ingénieurs essayaient de niveler l’élévation en procédant à des découpes et à la construction de ponts et de viaducs.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">De même, pour les zones montagneuses, ils concevaient de grands virages pour s’adapter au terrain et ainsi garantir une inclinaison uniforme de la route. Enfin, dans la mesure du possible, les routes étaient construites sur les pentes orientées à l’est et au sud, plus exposées au soleil, pour que les chutes de neige n’entravent pas la circulation.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Le traçage</span><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 268px; overflow: hidden; width: 183px;"><img alt="L'image montre une reconstitution d'une groma." height="268" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/_39d2W_AKMIvN9BYAmamMoWo51v6ZNHYe5wsZ_LcJR1hJKXC1qUQ6On4YO10gPX5WwH-Q2ENtvXrPt38UHlDCG8Ohj70wfPIrKdoyrbEUMmyXcHrpJ5vsf_3qkEu9e4GYiwRAbwiQh4ZXmsUP6WTGw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="183" /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Les voies romaines se caractérisent chaque fois que cela est possible par leur tracé rectiligne, exemple : la voie qui relie Bavay dans le Nord à Tongres en Belgique est toute droite sur 70 km !</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">L’utilisation d’une </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">groma</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> par l’agrimensor </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(géomètre) </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">permet l’alignement de jalons sur de longues distances ce qui assure la rectitude de la voie.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La groma est une équerre optique qui divise l’espace en quatre quadrants et sert à tracer des lignes droites et des angles droits.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">L’image montre une reconstitution d’une groma.</span></p><p><b id="docs-internal-guid-b601ec5f-7fff-e3c1-fd90-713d8e04f697" style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Ce groma et d’autres instruments, comme p. ex. le </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">chorobate</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">, outil de nivellement, ou le </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">dioptra</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> pour les mesures angulaires, permettaient un travail très précis.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Une fois le tracé établi, les ouvriers procèdent au débroussaillage : les arbustes et des buissons sont brûlés. La zone ainsi nettoyée est décapée à la pioche et à la pelle jusqu’au sol naturel, donnant ainsi naissance à une tranchée.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La structure interne</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">En fonction de la nature du sol et des matériaux à disposition, la structure interne peut différer notablement ainsi, suivant les régions, pierres calcaires, galets, cailloux, silex, graviers… constitueront le matériau de base, le tout lié par de l’argile ou du sable.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Toujours suivant les régions et la nature des sols, l’épaisseur de la structure interne peut varier, en général de 40cm à un peu plus d’un mètre.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">En fait, les constructeurs s’adaptent à l’environnement géologique et puisent dans les ressources locales des zones traversées (bon sens et économie prévalent).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Un exemple de voie pavée, via munita, à Pompéi</span><span style="border: 0pt solid #000000; display: inline-block; height: 279px; overflow: hidden; width: 481px;"><img alt="Un exemple de voie pavée via munita à Pompéi." height="279" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/L_iS7m44GyMN7FcDuXSnf-13RUq38wmLxMvPxntcuJccuqZ5CdUBbhjtLuN4Tcne2tYU7c5w-p--LjAziMHzSi30aHdi-HEqqmHABM5MT2AjeHA1aVJUIbYCsQnpvt4ulqXr25t-Lw1PaDAxEtiv6Q" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="481" /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(1). Sol nu nivelé, et éventuellement tassé.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(2). Statumen : amas de cailloux.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(3). Audits : moellons agrégés par du ciment romain</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(4). Nucleus : débris de poterie agrégés par du ciment fin</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 21.3pt; text-indent: -21.3pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(5). Dorsum : blocs polygonaux de silex, ou blocs rectangulaires de tuf volcanique ou d’autres pierres des environs, formant la surface de la route. La forme elliptique permettait d’éviter à la pluie de stagner au milieu de la route. Le dessous des blocs était parfois volontairement entaillé leur donnant une meilleure tenue sur le nucleus.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(6). Crepido : trottoir ou chaussée élevée pour les piétons.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(7). Bordure.</span></p><p><b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Le revêtement</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Il existe plusieurs types de revêtement sur les voies romaines :</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 7.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.1pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">– </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Les voies dallées</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> qui sont composées de pierres de grandes dimensions, de faible épaisseur et possédant une surface plane.</span></p><p><b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 253px; overflow: hidden; width: 396px;"><img height="253" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/s3wqlv_7jUWPgMJ5oO_K50F_A4BTBwYQC3SFA0hS967hwfbcVDjnXF97XqADpzyjc7dy3lDLmHqoSE1PTjstWiCJfYe5fh5vimDze8ov5_yN7EXHNP5AQXaTJ6WTBFX87XSscO5F08gGebWpDB3GPg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="396" /></span><br /><br /><br /></b></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La via Domitia à Narbonne</span></p><p><b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les voies pavées</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> constituées de pierres cubiques d’une surface inférieure aux dalles mais d’une épaisseur plus importante.</span></p><p><b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 338px; overflow: hidden; width: 450px;"><img alt="Via domitia Ambrussum" height="338" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Fp5hI_VbwuMy0XhtG5Emwn_mN27kYCw3nGFfJpAMmZJZYa5ib-hBwjkgKerkTGSViBQIZine2x4LaTfO_fLNYkCrGXC95705nJMC0HE9xVWvrdXbi0LLPwEphsgiR_J55JjKpXdG_hZciGtAccY4Uw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="450" /></span><br /><br /></b><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">voies pavées constituées de pierres cubiques</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">– </span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Les chaussées empierrées</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-indent: -7.1pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> dont la surface de roulement est garnie de petites pierres compactées.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">– Enfin, nombre de revêtements sont constitués de </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">graviers ou de terre battue</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La répartition de ces différents types de revêtements correspond presque toujours au lieu sur lequel ils se trouvent. Ainsi, les voies dallées ou pavées se retrouvent dans les cités ou leurs abords immédiats tandis que les autres types de revêtements prédominent dans les zones rurales.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Les voies dallées et les routes pavées</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> ne vont pas sans poser quelques problèmes :</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -21.8pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Plus chères et plus délicates à poser</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -21.8pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Plus sensibles à l’usure </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(les roues de chariots sont cerclées de fer)</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -21.8pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Moins confortables au roulage</span></p></li></ul><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -21.799999999999997pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Plus dangereuses pour les sabots des chevaux ou pour les chaussures cloutées </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(caligae des légionnaires)</span></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -21.799999999999997pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Plus délicat à réparer et à entretenir</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Elles sont cependant indispensables dans certains cas :</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.700000000000003pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">En ville, elles produisent beaucoup moins de poussière et sont plus facile à nettoyer</span></p></li><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.700000000000003pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Elles évitent </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(ou en tous cas limitent fortement) </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">la boue et les ornières</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Dans certaines zones de terrain meuble ou dans les fortes montées, elles sont indispensables.</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="3" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -14.700000000000003pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Enfin, question de « prestige » l’entrée d’une cité dallée ou pavée impressionne plus favorablement le voyageur…</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Largeurs, formes et dimensions</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La forme bombée de la chaussée permet l’écoulement sur les bas-côtés des eaux de pluies. Les sillons creusés de part et d’autre de la chaussée constituent le premier travail permettant de matérialiser l’itinéraire sur le terrain.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La largeur varie suivant le type de voie ; même si on ne peut pas parler de standardisation absolue, on remarque fréquemment des largeurs « types ».</span></p><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">La largeur la plus courante des viae publicae est de 20 pieds soit pratiquement 6m et permettait le croisement de deux voitures. La largeur la plus importante relevée par les archéologues en France correspond à un tronçon de la Via Agrippa, elle est de 23 pieds soit </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(6,81m)</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">. Ce sont sur les voies privées que l’on trouve les largeurs les plus variées pouvant même atteindre la largeur d’un sentier </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(double pas, soit 1,48m).</span></p><div><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Candara,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></p><br />Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2489649908953026958.post-52944280361960733482023-09-18T13:12:00.001+02:002023-09-18T13:12:00.138+02:00La Via Aquitania<p> </p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">La VIA AQUITANIA à Carcassonne<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br clear="ALL" /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: justify;">La voie d’Aquitaine
s’articule à l’ouest de la ville sur un cadastre d’orientation 21,8° E. En
particulier, la voie qui se confond avec la D 33 est une belle ligne décumane
sur près de 3 km près d’Herminis. Ensuite contrairement à ce qui est indiqué
sur la carte IGN (fig. 1), elle n’emprunte plus cette départementale dont le
caractère sinueux est peu conforme à la rectitude généralement attendue des </span><b style="text-align: justify;"><i>viae
publicae</i></b><span style="text-align: justify;">. Elle traverse en fait, le vallon des Sabartèzes en droite
ligne selon une diagonale 1/1 de la trame cadastrale, franchit le ruisseau sur
un vieux pont et remonte sans lacet jusqu’au plateau de Salvaza, où l’on
retrouve encore quelques indices de son passage après l’aérodrome</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjvo3ftR4StizFv0RLggmOVOV3fNs89wvA4ASn6QR7olDUGX9VRpAByvSjPcLU80UKsYjQ9jIBdHN7emxLjp4J-Bvgim741tCbHsugefsyA0fPlFuSB1Cb-eLDdgQ05rR1aaTf25HI_p2oV3DtAMD6-qkyTzGDuXXnuOfFKxQeYVghm5KWUhewPlle4QH1F" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="710" data-original-width="863" height="525" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjvo3ftR4StizFv0RLggmOVOV3fNs89wvA4ASn6QR7olDUGX9VRpAByvSjPcLU80UKsYjQ9jIBdHN7emxLjp4J-Bvgim741tCbHsugefsyA0fPlFuSB1Cb-eLDdgQ05rR1aaTf25HI_p2oV3DtAMD6-qkyTzGDuXXnuOfFKxQeYVghm5KWUhewPlle4QH1F=w640-h525" width="640" /></a><span style="text-align: left;"> </span><i style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Fig.1. La voie d’Aquitaine à Salvaza. Elle est
distincte de la “route de Bram” (carte 1/25 000<sup>e</sup>)</span></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">En direction Narbonne, la
chaussée romaine a été reconnue par les archéologues dès la sortie de la Cité
par la Porte Narbonnaise. On l’a retrouvé route de Berriac (D 303) par
l’Impasse des chasseurs mentionnée “voie romaine d’Aquitaine” par l’IGN. Le
raccordement devait s’effectuer probablement par l’avenue Jean Moulin qui suit
franchement un décumanus est-ouest.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVCZz_rKL6AdzHr2GEPFdqD5A5c-NF99YQcP0lnOKjsTCr8BYCeLd-MUZvtHq3lyPFVmzgUPVIfU5EDH6GyNjXvykJxh25RtixnXTqS3w_NJ-Q7lANJz4y81IA5nMPsYXLlMmh03A8DRVfepDRaDR2ckr3_FW-_XMDhDXJIxbvlfWOqIaOLq3tZnN4GHUH" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="877" data-original-width="949" height="591" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVCZz_rKL6AdzHr2GEPFdqD5A5c-NF99YQcP0lnOKjsTCr8BYCeLd-MUZvtHq3lyPFVmzgUPVIfU5EDH6GyNjXvykJxh25RtixnXTqS3w_NJ-Q7lANJz4y81IA5nMPsYXLlMmh03A8DRVfepDRaDR2ckr3_FW-_XMDhDXJIxbvlfWOqIaOLq3tZnN4GHUH=w640-h591" width="640" /></a></div><br /><br /><p></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></i></div><p></p>Los Ciutadinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07800481228792975404noreply@blogger.com0